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INFLUENCE OF CLIMATE VARIABILITY ON WATER RESOURCES IN ECUADOR: A CASE STUDY OF HYDROELECTRIC PRODUCTION & DROUGHTS. WATER RESOURCES PROJECT:. Coordinators: Edison Heredia-Calderón Remigio H. Galarraga-Sánchez. Participants: Alexandre Gagnon Andrea Ray Claudine Dereczynski
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INFLUENCE OF CLIMATE VARIABILITY ON WATER RESOURCES IN ECUADOR: A CASE STUDY OF HYDROELECTRIC PRODUCTION & DROUGHTS WATER RESOURCES PROJECT:
Coordinators: Edison Heredia-CalderónRemigio H. Galarraga-Sánchez Participants: Alexandre Gagnon Andrea Ray Claudine Dereczynski Giampaolo Orlandoni Ileana Mora Marcos Costa Patricia Jaime Simone Ferraz Thomas Pagano
Identification of ENSO signal on the climate of Ecuador • Calculate rainfall anomalies in terms of variancePA = P – P • p • where • P : mean precipitation • p: standard deviation of precipitation • Monthly precipitation anomalies correlated with SST anomalies in region • SST in region Niño1+2, Niño 3, and Niño 4 • SOI
The Relationship Between SOI and Rainfall Anomalies in Portoviejo
SST in Region Niño 1+2 versus Rainfall Anomalies in Portoviejo
SST in Region Niño 3 versus Rainfall Anomalies in Portoviejo
SSTA Niño 1+2 versus rainfall anomalies in Portoviejo
Correlation Between Strong El Niño versus Rainfall Anomalies in Coastal Ecuador
Niño4 SST Anomaly Sep-Dec versus Jan-Aug Cumulative Streamflow at Paute 1968-95
North Atlantic SSTA Feb-Mar-Apr Average correlated with Jan-Aug Cumulative Streamflow at Paute
Hydroelectric power production at Paute river • Mean yearly inflow discharge for normal, dry and wet years. • Cumulated mass (discharge and volume) x inflow volumes for wet, dry and normal years
DAILY ENERGY PRODUCTION, INFLOW AND RESERVOIR ELEVATION (OCT, 1995)
RAINFALL - RUNOFF MODEL " N L C " DEFINITION OF THE MODEL • NLC is aimed at simulation of outflow from natural catchments. conceptual model consisting of storage (linear and nonlinear) elements. • NLC represents a single, two-component, rainfall-runoff model capable of modeling groundwater flow and direct runoff. • NLC is a lumped type MODE the input into the model is total rainfall over the catchment in each time interval.
Input Data • Rainfall is provided at each simulation step. It could be supplied in two ways: - up to ten rain gauges - areal averages. • Calibration procedure is not part of the package. Trial-and-error procedure must be used.
MODEL VARIABLES • PA input precipitation (mm) • ETP evapotranspiration (mm) • PE effective precipitation (mm) • Qs direct runoff (m3/s) • GI groundwater input (m3/s) • Qg groundwater runoff (m3/s) • Q total runoff (m3/s) • QDD deep percolation (mm) • parameters of the unsaturated zone - ENN maximum water holding capacity (mm) - EF actual water content (mm) • Other parameters
M050 ARENALES - COLA DE SAN PABLO PRECIPITACION MEDIA
M067 CUENCA AEROPUERTO PRECIPITACION MEDIA
M541 COCHAPAMBA QUINGEO PRECIPITACION MEDIA
M418 CUMBE PRECIPITACION MEDIA
M138 PAUTE PRECIPITACION MEDIA