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The Land Bridge: Early American Settlements and Mound Builders

Explore the fascinating origins of early Americans who crossed the land bridge from Asia, driven by migrating mammals, including mammoths. As climate changed, these hunter-gatherers transitioned to sedentary lifestyles, finding abundance along river coasts. The emergence of communities like Poverty Point and the Adena and Hopewell cultures led to the construction of intricate mounds. Discover how these early societies structured trade, religion, and leadership, exemplified by the influential city of Cahokia, the first urban center in what is now the U.S.

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The Land Bridge: Early American Settlements and Mound Builders

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  1. U.S History Prologue By: Ka’iupono Joseph, Drew Duarte, NaluAitaro, Bryce Tsuruma

  2. Land Bridge • Early Americans crossed aland bridge • It was between Alaska and Russia • Crossed from the Rockies and went southward • Crossed because Mammals were migrating to America

  3. Land Bridge

  4. Climate Change • Mammoths weighed up to 16,000 pounds • could feed 2 dozen hunters for the whole winter • Hunters would sharpen spears out of bone/stone • As the climate changed the mammoths started to die off • Died because of the dramatic change in whether

  5. First communities • Archaic people started to settle along river coasts and along fish plentiful coasts and could sustain themselves for the whole year • They found places so plentiful that they scooped fish into their buckets. • They learned to make fishing nets and fishing hooks • Some people started to build pottery

  6. Early American Community

  7. Mound Builders • Poverty point was a community of mound builders • Leaders drew up plans to built earthworks • Adena’s flourished along the Mississippi and Illinois river valleys • Hopewell’s flourished along the Ohio and Illinois river valleys • There built mounds the shape of squares, circles and cones

  8. Mound Builders

  9. Early Americans; Sedentary • Sedentary: to stay in an area or to colonize • Early Americans became sedentary around the Neolithic period. • This started as early as 2500 B.C. possibly early then that. • Sedentary occurred because early Americans discovered the ability to farm.

  10. Americans & Their Environment • Did Early Americans have control over their environment: Yes, No, Maybe? • Answer: YES • Factor: • They Formed a hierarchy • Had major Trade and religion • Buried their chiefs • Built long wooden palisades

  11. Examples of the factors • They Formed a hierarchy. Example: Temples and warehouses and homes of elite leaders were located on top of mounds formed in the ground. • Formed trade and religion. Example: In 1000 The city of Cahokia was a major center of trade and religious activities. • Buried their chiefs. Example: 200 C.Eone mass grave had about 300 pounds of bones found in yellow stone national park. • Built long wooden palisades: 1150 C.E. built around center of city, these were up to 100 ft tall.

  12. Population and growth after 800Corn Cultivators • Corn cultivator’s wanted extra helping hands with plowing, hoeing, weeding, and harvesting.For example they need the man power to plant more of there vegetation to keep there community flourishid. • Corn cultivator’s promoted population growth.  Hunter’s supported abortion for mobility and reduced numbers of people to feed. These two different • Corn cultivator’s promoted population growth.  Hunter’s supported abortion for mobility and reduced numbers of people to feed.

  13. corn cultivators and Hunters • Corn cultivator’s increased population by clearing woodland and plating more corn.  •  Over years the two groups got into conflicts and corn cultivator’s prevailed over the hunter’s because of the fact they out numbered them.   • Corn cultivator’s and Hunter’s build a Mutual advantage trade system was made between Corn cultivator’s and Hunter’s.

  14. Cahokia • Cahokia was a major center of trade and religion.There believes weremanly around god. • It was the first urban center of the U.S. • They started to become civilized and have a hierarchy. Chiefs were buried upon 20,000 beaded shells along with animal corpse sculptures. • Was probably the largest earthen structure in America’s

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