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Religion Sparks Reform

Religion Sparks Reform. Chapter 8 Section 1. I the Second Great Awakening. Preachers reject the 18 th cent. Belief that god predetermined your salvation Believed individuals had responsibility to seek salvation by improving themselves & society Churches began to split because of these ideas.

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Religion Sparks Reform

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  1. Religion Sparks Reform Chapter 8 Section 1

  2. I the Second Great Awakening • Preachers reject the 18th cent. Belief that god predetermined your salvation • Believed individuals had responsibility to seek salvation by improving themselves & society • Churches began to split because of these ideas

  3. A. Revivalism • Revivals= religious gatherings designated to awaken religious faith through preaching • Burned-over district= western NY in whicch religious “fires” burned • Finney known as “father as modern revivalism”

  4. II Transcendentalism • 2nd Great Awakening new artistic expression • Romanticism= style of art, lit., and thought that stressed ppl should develop unique & emotional forms of expressions • Begins in GB and Trancendentalism • Trancendentalism= philosophical & lit. movement that emphasized living a simple life and finding truth through natures laws • Rstressed personal emotional expression ratherthan any org. laws/belief systems

  5. Ralph Waldo Emerson writes self-reliance • Trancdendentalist belief in indiv. fighting for humanitarian reforms • Henry Davit thoreau put idea of self-reliance into practice by living alone near pond in Mass • Wrote Walden

  6. III School & Prison ReformA. Improving Education • No nat’l education policyvarious school cond. Aroudn country • School not mandatory/all ages put together • PA makes tax suppoted public school • Other states follow • Horace Mann= school reformer who pushed for compulsory attendence & teacher training programs • Believed survival of Amer rep. depends on educated ppl

  7. B. Reforming Asylums & Prisons • Dorthea Dix=social reformer who focused on prison & mental health reform • Jails held mentally ill & treated poorly • Investigation state built public hospitals for mentally ill & improved jails

  8. IV Americans Form Utopian Communities • Optomism of rel. movement & Social RreformUtopian Comm. • Utopian Comunities= experimental groups who lived together & tried to create a perfect society • Brooke Farm set up by Ripley • Like most, Brooke Farm was not successful • Members could not agree on a philosophies & operating methods

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