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Religion and Reform. Goal 2 Part 4. Second Great Awakening. Charles Grandison Finney was the leader of the movement. It was a religious revival that began in the U.S. in the early 1800s and lasted until almost 1850.
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Religion and Reform Goal 2 Part 4
Second Great Awakening • Charles Grandison Finney was the leader of the movement. It was a religious revival that began in the U.S. in the early 1800s and lasted until almost 1850. • Preacher, known as revivalists, emerged because they wanted to revive the role of religion in America. • Began in the Kentucky frontier • Evangelical style of worship appealed to the emotions of the people.
Continued • Lyman Beecher – a Yale-educated minister- traveled widely and became the president of Lane Theological Seminary, which trained more evangelical preachers to join the revival.
African Methodist Episcopal The AME church was established at this time. Richard Allen, a former slave led the church in 1787. By 1826, the AME Church had nearly 8000 members.
Religious Groups Form • Mormons, led by Joseph Smith, formed as the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints. • Unitarians formed and argued that, instead of the Trinity, people should see God as a divine single being.
Mormons • Faced persecution for their beliefs • Settled in Nauvoo, Illinois • 1844- Joseph Smith decides to run for President and is killed by an angry mob. • Brigham Young takes over the leadership of the Mormons and leads them to Salt Lake City, Utah to settle.
Shakers • Shakers were a religious community of New England. • They believed that men & women were equal, no fighting for any reason, and they shared their goods with each other. • They are well known for the style of furniture they created. • Shakers vowed to never marry; therefore, they could not keep their community alive.
Religion & the Slavery Debate • African Americans interpreted Christian messages as a promise of freedom for their people. • The Second Great Awakening brought people of all races together to worship together. • The North voiced it’s religious opposition to slavery, especially as it became more industrial.
Religion & the Slavery Debate • Proslavery advocates used the Bible to defend slavery (citing passages about obedience). • They believed that slavery benefited blacks by making them part of a prosperous, Christian civilization. • Nat Turner, a Virginian slave and preacher, interpreted an eclipse as a divine sign and lead a slave rebellion.
