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SOCIAL JUSTICE. Assignment for class discussion. Give three reasons why the Bill of Rights in your country’s constitution is important to social justice Identify groups in your society whose rights are violated or not defended. Suggest reasons why. Suggest ways of correcting this problem.
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Assignment for class discussion • Give three reasons why the Bill of Rights in your country’s constitution is important to social justice • Identify groups in your society whose rights are violated or not defended. Suggest reasons why. Suggest ways of correcting this problem. • How does social justice affect the development of a country? • Do you believe that the Caribbean Court of Justice would improve social justice in the region?
What is Social Justice? • It is a complex issue. • Social justice is based on the premise that all people are entitled to the same basic rights and freedoms as everybody else. • Social justice is connected with issues of equality and equity.
What is Social Justice? • It refers to an ideal of society, where "justice" refers to economic status rather than to the administration of laws. • It is based on the idea of a society which gives individuals and groups fair treatment and a just share of the benefits of society
What is Social Justice? • It is giving people their due, what they deserve. • It is equal participation of all groups in a society that is mutually shaped to meet their needs
Equality and equity • Equality: efforts to treat everyone in a similar way. • Equity: attempts to ascertain that treatment is just and fair. • Equity refers to how fair the system is to persons who pass through it.
The development of social justice in the Caribbean • Slavery and forced labour were not regarded as wrong by the colonialists. • Slaves were regarded as both people and property. • The fundamental principles of the colonial state were exploitation, inequality and injustice.
The development of social justice in the Caribbean • The principle of equality did not apply to the colonial state. • After emancipation in 1834, Caribbean people were no longer regarded as property. • In 1944 and 1946 respectively, universal adult suffrage was introduced in Jamaica and Trinidad. Other countries followed suit later.
The development of social justice in the Caribbean • In 1962, Jamaica and Trinidad became independent. A Bill of Rights was included in the constitutions of both countries. • The Bill of Rights is a chapter in the constitution which outlines and protects the fundamental rights and freedoms of individuals in society.
The development of social justice in the Caribbean • All independent countries of the Commonwealth Caribbean have a Bill of Rights which is enshrined/entrenched and protected in their constitutions. • The Bill of Rights is designed to perpetuate and uphold equality and social justice • Citizens have the power to redress any infringement of his/her constitutional rights in the courts.
Excerpt from Antigua and Barbuda Bill of Rights • Except as is otherwise expressly provided in this Constitution, no law may abrogate, abridge or infringe or authorise the abrogation , abridgement or infringement of any of the fundamental rights and freedoms of the individual hereinbefore recognized and declared.
Women in politics, employment,education. Social justice issues 1. Gender equality
Social justice issues 2. Class discrimination (employment, education, justice) 3. Racial discrimination. (Racial groups: White, Afro Caribbean, Indian, Chinese)
5. The elderly 6. The disabled
Social justice issues 7. Street people/Vagrants 8. AIDS victims 9. Rights of the child 10. Cruel and unusual punishment (the death penalty) 11.Delay of execution
Social justice and development • The human development model of development emphasizes that people are the means and end of development. • Development cannot be considered to be true development unless someone experienced good from it and not at the expense of others.
Social justice and development • Social justice is a non material indicator of human development • Human development is predicated on equity and inclusiveness
1. Equality in educational opportunity • Equality of educational opportunity has been a social demand in the Caribbean. This means that all groups in society would be able to access schools without any major obstacles directed at group. • Is there inequality in accessing secondary education? • Do all groups have access to education (primary, secondary, tertiary)?
Obstacles to equality in secondary education • Classroom space • Entry requirements – primary and post primary exam • Inability to cater for a wide variety of needs/skills/competencies • Inability to cater for different clientele. • The inability to provide adequate education can impact a country’s development. It diminishes the quality of life for the affected persons.
2. Social Justice and productivity Individual rights may be infringed in the following situations: • Supercession in the Civil Service (workers with less experience are promoted ahead of those with more experience) • Less pay for women doing the same job as men • Wage level below the minimum wage
Effects on productivity • The worker who is promoted may not be able to perform the task. The aggrieved worker may refuse to cooperate or may resort to strike action, a ‘sickout’, go slow. • Women may become demotivated • Workers may resort to stealing, sabotage or go slows
3. Quality of life and social justice • Failure to provide facilities (e.g. ramps, special schools, buses) and job opportunities for the physically challenged, reduces quality of life for the physically challenged. • Failure to provide adequate help, medicare and relief for the elderly results in increased morbidity and mortality. • Workers in low paying jobs are unable to improve their housing or standard of living
