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Comprehensive Review: Water Cycle, Rock Cycle, and Earth Science Concepts

This final exam review covers essential Earth Science concepts, focusing on the Water Cycle, Rock Cycle, and related phenomena. Key topics include definitions of transpiration and evaporation, the transformation of sedimentary rock into metamorphic rock, and the principles of Moh's Hardness Scale. Additionally, it explores seismic waves, earthquake dynamics, weather systems, and volcanic activity. Perfect for students preparing for exams, this review encapsulates fundamental processes and their implications for the Earth’s environment.

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Comprehensive Review: Water Cycle, Rock Cycle, and Earth Science Concepts

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  1. Earth Science Concepts Final Exam Review

  2. Water Cycle

  3. Water Cycle Questions 1. Define transpiration- the process of plants releasing water vapor 2. Define evaporation- liquid water gains enough energy and turns to water vapor 3. When water evaporates and cools, what occurs? 4. After precipitation occurs, what happens to the water?

  4. Rock Cycle

  5. Rock Cycle Questions • How does sedimentary rock change into metamorphic rock? high temperature & pressures • What is magma? molten rock beneath Earth’s surface

  6. Hardness Definition • how resistant a substance is to scratching • the relative capacity of a substance for scratching another or for being scratched or indented by another

  7. Moh’s Hardness Scale

  8. Moh’s Hardness Scale Questions • What mineral can scratch all others on the data table? Diamond 2. What minerals can be scratched by calcite? Gypsum and Talc 3. Can quartz scratch topaz? Why or why not? No, quartz is softer than topaz.

  9. What is the epicenter? the area above the focus on the Earth’s surface What are P waves? Primary- travel through solids, liquids & gases pushing rock particles ahead What are S waves? Secondary- travel through solids moving rocks at right angles to wave motion Which wave travels faster? P waves What kind of wave causes the most damage and why? L waves- originate at the epicenter & moves surface up & down Earthquakes

  10. Weather Fronts

  11. Fronts and Low Pressure Cold air is present behind the cold front on both diagrams.

  12. High Pressure Systems What happens after a high pressure system passes through a location? Happy weather- sunshine and dry

  13. Low Pressure Systems What happens after a low pressure system passes through? Lousy weather- cloudy and precipitation

  14. During an eruption, what is ejected into the atmosphere? volcanic ash & gases 2. How can this affect the climate? cooling 3. Can an eruption cause global changes? Yes Volcanic Eruptions

  15. Atmosphere • Composition- What are the two most abundant gases in our atmosphere? Nitrogen & Oxygen • Altitude- as altitude increases, temperature? Decreases • Air pressure- as altitude increases, air pressure? Decreases

  16. Complete the questions by analyzing the graphs and data table. Graphs

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