1 / 56

Principles of Urban Ecology

Principles of Urban Ecology. Steward T.A. Pickett Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies. What’s a principle?. Components of Theory. Domain Assumptions Concepts Definitions Facts Confirmed generalizations Laws Models Translation modes Hypotheses Framework. Pickett et al. 2007.

keita
Télécharger la présentation

Principles of Urban Ecology

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Principles of Urban Ecology Steward T.A. Pickett Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies

  2. What’s a principle?

  3. Components of Theory • Domain • Assumptions • Concepts • Definitions • Facts • Confirmed generalizations • Laws • Models • Translation modes • Hypotheses • Framework Pickett et al. 2007

  4. Senses of “urban” • Broad – inclusive • Narrow – specific

  5. Goal • Framework • Model building

  6. Themes • Components • Form • Change • Functioning

  7. Components of the system

  8. P1 • Cities are about people and ecosystems. • Human ecosystems

  9. The Ecosystem Concept Sir Arthur G. Tansley (1871-1955)

  10. P2 • Cities have multiple and changing forms.

  11. Burgess Model Central Business District Transitional zone: recent immigrants, deteriorating housing, factories, abandonment Working class zone: single family tenements Residential zone: single family homes with yards and garages Commuter zone: suburbs

  12. Antoni 2001

  13. P3 • Cities are mosaics extending into surroundings.

  14. Cadenasso

  15. Patch dynamics • Applies to cities • Hierarchical • Gradients and fields

  16. Pickett, Cadenasso

  17. Social processes

  18. P4 • Planned, opportunistic, incremental, incidental.

  19. Components of change • Urban design • Urban planning • Topography • Ecology • Social-cultural • Economic

  20. P5 • Urban designs as experiments. Felson, Pickett (2005)

  21. Jordan Cove, CT Control development Traditional BMP

  22. P6 • Social, economic, cultural processes influence biophysical processes.

  23. 1990 1970 Grove, Burch

  24. P7 • Social, cultural, economic complexity.

  25. Components of social complexity • Property regimes • Households and individuals • Social status • Economic status • Lifestyle grouping • Social identity • etc.

  26. Perceive low value of parks Perceive high value of parks Troy et al.

  27. Fine Scale Analysis IKONOS Image Vegetation Parcels PROW Vegetation Private Land Vegetation Grove, Troy, O’Neil-Dunne

  28. Biophysical functions

  29. P8 • Remnant soils, waters, vegetation.

  30. Nitrogen retention Groffman, Belt, Fisher

  31. P9 • Biodiversity multifaceted and present.

  32. Mocking bird Catbird Mourning dove Robin Grackle Pigeon Warren, Nilon, Wolf

  33. Methodological principles

  34. P10 • Study-specific definition of urban.

  35. P11 • Abstract urban gradients.

  36. HSF MSF CT MSP NY MLP MRG CEC SWP VCP LI PBP NYBG New York City McDonnell et al 1990

  37. P12 • Human perception as links.

  38. Pickett, Cadenasso (2008)

  39. Practical principles

  40. P13 • Flux of water, and water infrastructure.

  41. N. Law and L. Band

  42. Water principle • Sites of cities • Urban design • Future demands.

  43. P14 • Exotic species functions.

  44. G. Brush et al. in prep

  45. P15 • City form and shared needs • Role of elites • Non-stationary roles • Non-overlapping agency • Environmental injustice.

More Related