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Mechanisms of E v o l u t i o n

Mechanisms of E v o l u t i o n. All the genes present in a population. Gene Pool. Genetic Drift. Evolution occurring through random changes in allele frequency over time. . Genetic Drift. Creation of gametes is randomized Some alleles are passed on more than others by chance.

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Mechanisms of E v o l u t i o n

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  1. Mechanisms ofEvolution

  2. All the genes present in a population Gene Pool

  3. Genetic Drift • Evolution occurring through random changes in allele frequency over time.

  4. Genetic Drift • Creation of gametes is randomized • Some alleles are passed on more than others by chance

  5. http://www.biology.arizona.edu/evolution/act/drift/frame.htmlhttp://www.biology.arizona.edu/evolution/act/drift/frame.html

  6. Gene drift is more noticeable in smaller populations. Why?

  7. Types of Genetic Drift • Founder Effect: occurs when a small group of individuals colonize a new habitat • allele frequency changes as a result of the migration of a small subgroup

  8. Types of Genetic Drift • Bottleneck effect: a significant percent of the population is killed or cannot reproduce • Natural disaster • Habitat destruction • Hunting

  9. Bottleneck Effect

  10. Gene Flow • Movement of genes from one population to another

  11. Divergent Evolution • Differences between groups can lead to the formation of new species • different groups adapt to different environments • Remember homologous structures

  12. Ancestral Cat

  13. Convergent Evolution • Different organisms living in similar environments can evolve similar traits • Convergent Evolution: the process by which unrelated organisms come to resemble each other • Remember analogous structures! • Shark and dolphin

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