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Chapter 2

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Chapter 2. The Canadian Health Care System. Canada’s Health Care System. Canada’s national heath insurance system (medicare) ensures that all Canadians have access to quality health care. Uses provincial/territorial and federal taxes to pay for care

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Chapter 2

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  1. Chapter 2 The Canadian Health Care System

  2. Canada’s Health Care System • Canada’s national heath insurance system (medicare) ensures that all Canadians have access to quality health care. • Uses provincial/territorial and federal taxes to pay for care • Faced with increasing costs, Canadians are re-examining health care spending and priorities.

  3. Evolution of Canadian Health Care • Originally, individuals paid their own hospital/doctor bills. • If they could not afford to pay, they went to charity organizations (e.g., Red Cross). • Great Depression 1930s – many ill and disabled people depended on a family member because they couldn’t afford care. • 1947 – Saskatchewan had the first public insurance plan covering hospital services.

  4. Evolution of Canadian Health Care (Cont’d) • 1967 – ten provinces and two territories agreed to provide in-patient hospital care. Costs were split between federal and provincial governments. • 1972 – insurance extended to cover medical services outside hospital.

  5. Modern Health Care System:Federal Role • Deliver health care to Aboriginal people, people living on reserves, military personnel, veterans, inmates of federal jails, and members of the RCMP • Develop and carry out government policy and programs that promote health and prevent disease • Transfer tax money to provinces and territories to share costs of medical care

  6. Federal Role • Box 2-3 outlines five principles that must be met in order for provinces and territories to qualify for federal money. • Public administration • Comprehensiveness • Universality • Portability • Accessibility • Canada Health Act 1984 clarifies the types of health care services that are insured.

  7. Health Care Reform • Many challenges to the country’s ability to provide quality health care • Rural or remote areas face severe shortages of physicians, nurses, and other health care workers • Long waitlists for surgeries and diagnostic tests • High prices for drugs and technology

  8. Home Care • Established partly to save money and partly as a result of technological advances – patients are sent home sooner following hospital procedures

  9. Home Care (Cont’d) • Canada Health Act 1984 clarifies the types of health care services that are insured. • Publicly funded home care programs are available. • PSWs provide most support services for home care. • Box 2-4: How Home Care is Governed and Delivered (p. 26)

  10. Modern Health Care System:Provincial/Territorial Role • Develop and administrate health care insurance • Finance and plan health care services following the five basic principles in the Canada Health Act • Pay for hospital and physician costs and some costs of rehabilitation • Varies across country • People can purchase extra insurance

  11. Impact on PSW Role • Home support services often provided by PSWs: • Assistance with home management • Assistance with ADLs • Assistance with taking medications

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