The United Nations: The World in One Building

1. The United Nations: The World in One Building 1.Warm-up Questions 2.Background Knowledge 3.Text Analysis 4.Exercises 5.Questions For Discussion

2. Questions for Discussion 1.In the U.N. all the member states, large or small, developed or underdeveloped, have the same rights and obligations. Do you think this principle is being strictly applied? 2.Where would we be without the U.N.? Return

3. 1. How the U. N. came into existence The name “United Nations” is accredited to U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, and the first group of representatives of member states met and signed a declaration of common intent on New Year’s Day 1942. Representatives of five powers worked together to draw up proposals, completed at Dumbarton Oaks in 1944. These proposals, modified after deliberation at the conference

4. on International Organization in San Francisco which began in April 1945, were finally agreed on and signed as the U.N. Charter by 50 countries on 26 June 1945. Poland, not represented at the conference, signed the Charter later and was added to the list of original members. It was not until that autumn, however, after the Charter had been ratified by China, France, the U.S.S.R., the U.K. and the U.S. and by a majority of participants that the U.N. officially came into

5. existence. The date was 24 October, now universally celebrated as United Nations Day. More

6. 2. Essential functions of the U.N. The essential functions of the U.N. are to maintain international peace and security, to develop friendly relations among nations, to cooperate internationally in solving international economic, social, cultural, and human problems, promoting respect for human rights and fundamental freedom and to be a center for coordinating the actions of nations in attaining these common ends. More

7. 3. Six major organs of the U.N. The General Assembly (picture) The Security Council (picture) The Economic and Social Council (picture) The Trusteeship Council (picture) The International Court of Justice (picture) The Secretariat Return

8. The General Assembly联合国会员大会 Return

9. The Security Council联合国安全理事会 Return

10. The Economic and Social Council 联合国的经济社会理事会 Return

11. The Trusteeship Council 信托投资理事会 Return

12. The International Court of Justice （联合国）国际法庭 Return

13. Answer the following questions to see what you know about the U.N. 1. What is the U.N.?

14. Answer the following questions to see what you know about the U.N. 1. What is the U.N.? Answer: An international organization of the world’s states, which aims to promote peace and cooperation. Next

15. 2. When was it founded?

16. 2. When was it founded? Answer: It was founded at the 1945 San Francisco conference prepared by the “Big Three” Allied Powers of WWII (the U.S., the U.K. and the U.S.S.R.). Next

17. 3. What are the essential functions of the U.N.?

18. 3. What are the essential functions of the U.N.? Answer: To keep world peace, to find answers to the world’s social and economic problems, to win respect for human rights, and to help win freedom for all people on earth. Next

19. 4. How many member states are there now in the U.N.?

20. 4. How many member states are there now in the U.N.? Answer: 189. Next

21. 5. Where are the U.N. Headquarters?

22. 5. Where are the U.N. Headquarters? Answer: In New York City, New York, U.S.A. Next

23. 6. Can you name some important UN offices which are not in New York City?

24. 6. Can you name some important UN offices which are not in New York City? Answer: The World Health Organization in Geneva; The International Court of Justice in the Hague; The Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization in Paris. Next

25. 7. How often does the General Assembly meet?

26. 7. How often does the General Assembly meet? Answer: Once a year. Next

27. 8. Can you name some persons who were the UN Secretary General?

28. 8. Can you name some persons who were the UN Secretary General? Answer: Thant, U; 吴丹 Waldheim, Kurt; 瓦尔德海姆 Pérez do Cuéllar, Javier; 德奎里亚尔 Boutros-Ghali; 加利 Next

29. 9. Who is the UN Secretary General now?

30. 9. Who is the UN Secretary General now? Answer: Kofi Annan; 安南 Next

31. 10. How many working languages are used now at the General Assembly?

32. 10. How many working languages are used now at the General Assembly? Answer: Five (English, French, Russian, Spanish, and Chinese). Return

33. Exercises • Multiple-choice Questions • 2. True/False Questions Return

34. Multiple-choice Questions 1. The purpose of this article is . A) to defend the U.N. Charter B) to introduce early developments in the U.N. C) to introduce the different organizations of the U.N. D) to offer a defense for the existence of the U.N.

35. Multiple-choice Questions 1. The purpose of this article is D. A) to defend the U.N. Charter B) to introduce early developments in the U.N. C) to introduce the different organizations of the U.N. D) to offer a defense for the existence of the U.N. Next

36. Multiple-choice Questions 2. What was the main reason for the creation of the United Nations at the end of W.W.II? A) To end W.W.II. B) To find a way to solve world health problems. C) To prevent wars from starting again. D) To allow small nations an opportunity to speak.

37. Multiple-choice Questions 2. What was the main reason for the creation of the United Nations at the end of W.W.II? C A) To end W.W.II. B) To find a way to solve world health problems. C) To prevent wars from starting again. D) To allow small nations an opportunity to speak. Next

38. Multiple-choice Questions 3. Some people feel the U.N. is too weak because it cannot . A) act without the agreement of all the five big powers B) allow every nation an equal say in world affairs C) make all nations rich D) create a single world language

39. Multiple-choice Questions 3. Some people feel the U.N. is too weak because it cannot A. A) act without the agreement of all the five big powers B) allow every nation an equal say in world affairs C) make all nations rich D) create a single world language Next

40. Multiple-choice Questions 4. We learn from the article that . A) all important problems must be brought to the General Assembly B) international debates should be sent to the Court of Justice C) the important organizations of the U.N. can decide war or peace D) important problems can be solved at the Security Council when the General Assembly is closed

41. Multiple-choice Questions 4. We learn from the article that D. A) all important problems must be brought to the General Assembly B) international debates should be sent to the Court of Justice C) the important organizations of the U.N. can decide war or peace D) important problems can be solved at the Security Council when the General Assembly is closed Next

42. Multiple-choice Questions 5. The U.N. is described in this article as an organization that . A) uses many languages to discuss world affairs B) has beautiful hopes for and far-reaching effects on world peace C) never lets the small countries speak D) creates wars more often than it solves

43. Multiple-choice Questions 5. The U.N. is described in this article as an organization that B. A) uses many languages to discuss world affairs B) has beautiful hopes for and far-reaching effects on world peace C) never lets the small countries speak D) creates wars more often than it solves Return

44. True/False Questions 1. The first international meeting of the United Nations was held in 1945. 2. Most of the important U.N. organizations are in the United States. 3. The General Assembly is always held in New York City. 4. People are not always satisfied with the work of the U.N.

45. True/False Questions 1. The first international meeting of the United Nations was held in 1945. (T) 2. Most of the important U.N. organizations are in the United States. 3. The General Assembly is always held in New York City. 4. People are not always satisfied with the work of the U.N.

46. True/False Questions 1. The first international meeting of the United Nations was held in 1945. (T) 2. Most of the important U.N. organizations are in the United States. (F) 3. The General Assembly is always held in New York City. 4. People are not always satisfied with the work of the U.N.

47. True/False Questions 1. The first international meeting of the United Nations was held in 1945. (T) 2. Most of the important U.N. organizations are in the United States. (F) 3. The General Assembly is always held in New York City. (T) 4. People are not always satisfied with the work of the U.N.

48. True/False Questions 1. The first international meeting of the United Nations was held in 1945. (T) 2. Most of the important U.N. organizations are in the United States. (F) 3. The General Assembly is always held in New York City. (T) 4. People are not always satisfied with the work of the U.N. (T) Next

49. True/False Questions 5. The U.N. can help people win human rights in any country. 6. The U.N. cannot exist without the support of its member countries. 7. The U.N. was established because people felt that only an international organization could keep world peace and control modern science. 8. When the U.N. was first started, all its member states were large countries.

50. True/False Questions 5. The U.N. can help people win human rights in any country. (F) 6. The U.N. cannot exist without the support of its member countries. 7. The U.N. was established because people felt that only an international organization could keep world peace and control modern science. 8. When the U.N. was first started, all its member states were large countries.