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The Road to World War II: Prelude of Conflict and Global Tensions (1919-1939)

This detailed examination of the years leading up to World War II explores the myriad political and social factors that contributed to the conflict. The inadequacies of the Versailles Treaty, the weaknesses of the League of Nations, and the rise of radical ideologies are explored. Significant events such as the Spanish Civil War, the Munich Agreement, and the Japanese invasion of China illustrate the breakdown of international diplomacy. Additionally, the impact of the Great Depression and the policy of appeasement set the stage for global warfare, culminating in Germany's invasion of Poland in 1939.

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The Road to World War II: Prelude of Conflict and Global Tensions (1919-1939)

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  1. World War II

  2. The Road to War: 1919-1939

  3. The Versailles Treaty

  4. A Weak League of Nations

  5. The Ineffectiveness of the League of Nations • No control of major conflicts. • No progress in disarmament. • No effective military force.

  6. The “Stab-In-The-Back” Theory German soldiers are dissatisfied.

  7. Decadence of the Weimar Republic

  8. France – False Sense of Security? The MaginotLine

  9. France – False Sense of Security?

  10. International Agreements • Locarno Pact – 1925 • France, Germany, Great Britain, Italy • Guarantee existing frontiers • Establish DMZ 30 miles deep on East bank of Rhine River • Refrain from aggression against each other • Kellogg-Briand Pact – 1928 • Makes war illegal as a tool of diplomacy • No enforcement provisions

  11. The Great Depression

  12. The Manchurian Crisis, 1931

  13. Japan Invades Manchuria, 1931

  14. Italy Attacks Ethiopia, 1935 Emperor Haile Selassie

  15. Germany Invades the RhinelandMarch 7, 1936

  16. U. S. Neutrality Acts:1934, 1935, 1937, 1939

  17. America-First Committee Charles Lindbergh

  18. Rome-Berlin Axis, 1936 The “Pact of Steel”

  19. The Spanish Civil War:1936 - 1939 The National Front[Nationalists] The Popular Front[Republicans] • Anarcho-Syndicalists. • Basques. • Catalans. • Communists. • Marxists. • Republicans. • Socialists. • Carlists [ultra-Catholic monarchists]. • Catholic Church. • Falange [fascist] Party. • Monarchists.

  20. The Spanish Civil War:1936 - 1939

  21. The Spanish Civil War

  22. The Spanish Civil War: 1936 - 1939 The American “Lincoln Brigade”

  23. The Spanish Civil War: 1936 - 1939 Francisco Franco

  24. The Spanish Civil War:A Dress Rehearsal for WW II? Italian troops in Madrid

  25. “Guernica” by Pablo Picasso

  26. The Japanese Invasionof China, 1937

  27. The Austrian Anschluss, 1938

  28. The “Problem” of theSudetenland

  29. Appeasement: The Munich Agreement, 1938 British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain Now we have “peace in our time!” Herr Hitler is a man we can do business with.

  30. Czechoslovakia Becomes Part of the Third Reich: 1939

  31. The Nazi-SovietNon-Aggression Pact, 1939 Foreign Ministers von Ribbentrop & Molotov

  32. The War Begins!

  33. Poland Attacked: Sept. 1, 1939 Blitzkrieg [“Lightening War”]

  34. German Troops March into Warsaw

  35. Rome-Berlin-Tokyo Axis, 1940 The Tripartite Pact

  36. The European & North African Theaters

  37. European Theater of Operations

  38. The “Phoney War” Ends:Spring, 1940

  39. Dunkirk EvacuatedJune 4, 1940

  40. France SurrendersJune, 1940

  41. A Divided France Henri Petain

  42. The French Resistance The Free French General Charles DeGaulle The Maquis

  43. Now Britain Is All Alone!

  44. U. S. Lend-Lease Act,1941 Great Britain.........................$31 billionSoviet Union..........................$11 billionFrance..................................$3 billionChina..................................$1.5 billionOther European......................$500 millionSouth America.......................$400 millionThe amount totaled: $48,601,365,000

  45. Lend-Lease

  46. Battle of Britain:The “Blitz”

  47. Battle of Britain:The “Blitz”

  48. The London “Tube”:Air Raid Shelters during the Blitz

  49. The Royal Air Force

  50. British Prime Minister Winston Churchill

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