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Advanced Wireless RC Car System with Remote Camera and Control Features

This project showcases a state-of-the-art remote-controlled car that utilizes a wireless link (75.870 MHz) from a host computer, featuring an on-board camera (2.4 GHz) with an amplifier for extended range. It includes user-friendly software for remote operation, supporting applications like home surveillance, maneuvering in small spaces, and even espionage missions. The system allows operation up to 100 feet with minimal delay and can be adapted for RC boats, planes, or helicopters, making it a versatile tool for various uses.

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Advanced Wireless RC Car System with Remote Camera and Control Features

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  1. PC Controlled RC Car Team #12 Sunil Kondala Orbay Tuncay Kyle Zars

  2. Features • Wireless Link (75.870 MHz) from Host Computer to Car • On-board Wireless Camera (2.4GHz) with Amplifier for Extended Range • User-Friendly Software Control Interface • Remote Login Capability

  3. Possible Uses • Visual security for entire home with one unit • Maneuver and see into small spaces • Espionage missions • Can also be implemented on an RC boat, plane or helicopter

  4. Objectives/Goals • Make Car Operational Up to 100 ft. (With No Obstacles) • Success – Also Operates Up to 58 ft. Through Two Brick Walls • Delay Between Video Frames on Remote Computer Less than 500 ms. • Success • Delay Less than 100 ms for LAN Connection (MS Remote Desktop)

  5. Original Design

  6. Design Overview Host PC Remote Control Circuitry/Transmitter Breakout Board Digital Potentiometers Receiver Remote PC Amplifier Camera Receiver/Car

  7. Used for RC Cars, Boats, Airplanes Operates at: 12V, 150mA Utilizes Amplitude Modulation (AM) 26.995MHz to 75.990MHz Channel BW=10kHz Operates at 75.870MHz Channel: 84 XR2i Remote Control

  8. Spectrum Of Tx Signal

  9. Interior Components • Mechanical Potentiometers • Microprocessor • RF transmitter board • Telescopic Antenna

  10. Remote Schematic

  11. This potentiometer sweeps through resistances from as low as 60 Ω to as high as 5 kΩ W-> (pin 18 and pin 15) Varies Voltage from 0.8V to 3.8V Potentiometer Mechanical Potentiometer

  12. Mechanical Potentiometers

  13. Microprocessor • Pin 18 (throttle) -> Pin 43 of microprocessor Pin 15 (steering) -> Pin 42 of microprocessor • The ADC in the microprocessor

  14. Digital Potentiometers • 10 KΩ potentiometer • Operates from 2.7V to 5.5V • Current through wiper = 0.12μA Maxim DS1866

  15. Digital Potentiometers • PIN DESCRIPTION H – High End terminal L – Low End terminal W – Wiper Arm P0 – LSB data input P1 – Bit 1 data input P2 – MSB data input Pin 4 – Ground Pin 8 - VCC

  16. Digital Potentiometers

  17. Software Interface

  18. Software Interface Design • Buttons vs. Scrollbars or Keyboard • Parts Decision • Digital Potentiometers – Maxim Part #DS1866 • 3 Parallel Inputs (data bus on parallel port is 8 bits) • Operates at 5V (same as parallel port signal voltage) • Output Current Same as Mechanical Pots (~1-2 µA) • 10 kΩ Variable Resistance Range • Parallel Cable Breakout Board • Cost • Easy Terminal Strip/Screw Interface

  19. Software Algorithm Overview • Click on Button – takes you to function • #define Data 0x378 • int Bits; • Conditional Statements on Bits • Holds one channel constant while changing the other • Set Bits to new value • _outp(Data,Bits)

  20. Parallel Port Signals

  21. Issues Accessing Parallel Port • Windows XP does not allow access by default • Found UserPort software (shareware) • Configures the Behavior of the Driver

  22. Video Transmitting Software • Clipstream Live (shareware) • Compresses Video to Transmit Over IE • Also Conveniently Compresses Enough For MS Remote Desktop

  23. Capture Card • ATI TV Wonder Card • Receives Coax Input From Wireless Camera Receiver • Clipstream Software Uses this Card for Input of Video Signal

  24. X-10 2.4GHz Wireless Camera Operates w/12V DC, 80mA Resolution : 310 TV lines RF Output of 50,000uV/m @3m FM modulation Receiver operates at 4 channels 2.411GHz to 2.473GHz Channel BW is 18MHz Transmission Range 100ft ANS-900 2.4GHz Monopole 50Ω input impedance 2.5dbi omni-directional gain 1.5:1 VSWR max 10W max input power What we have?

  25. How much amplification do we need? Amplification= Free Space Loss + Path Loss Friis Transmission Formula: PR = PT DT DRλ2 16 π2 d2 PR=Power received by receiving antenna PT=Power radiated by transmitting antenna DT = Directivity of the transmitting antenna DR = Directivity of the receiving antenna λ = Wave length d = Separation between antennas

  26. Free Space Loss: Using Friis Transmission Formula: • Since PT DT DRλ in Friis Formula doesn’t change for different separations, power received is inversely proportional to separation squared: Power Ratio = PR(55ft) = (100ft)2 PR(100ft) (55ft)2 Free Space Loss = 10 log (Power Ratio) [dB] = 5.193dB

  27. Path loss can be estimated as 5dB/wall Typical 2 bedroom apartment has 3 walls Path Loss: http://www.genisysnetworks.com http://www.imperialsouth.com/2bedroomfloorplan.html Path Loss = 5dB/wall * 3 walls = 15 dB Amplification needed = 20.193 dB

  28. X10 transmitter output Spectrum of video signal (20MHz BW) Power spectrum of the transmitter output Output power of the transmitter at 2.411GHz (channel A) = 3.883dBm

  29. Specifications of final power amp: Operate at 2.4GHz ISM band ≈21dB gain High efficiency i.e. low voltage operation Low input power i.e. 4dBm Max output power of 1W≈30dBm (limited by FCC) Impedance matched to 50Ω Desired power amp RF2163 1800MHz to 2500MH operation range Operation voltage 3.3V 19dB gain w/Pin=10dBm +30dBm saturated output power Impedance matched to 50 Ω w/impedance matching network Amplification at the output of transmitter

  30. Output power of transmitter w/MAR8 and 10dB attenuator GMAR8(2.4GHz) = = Pout + 10dB – PTx = 3.47dBm + 10dB – 3.883dBm = 9.587dB OR Wireless camera range of 100ft in free space and ≈1 dry wall BW doesn’t change information is preserved therefore can be substituted for RF2163 Using what we have: MAR8

  31. Overview of MAR8 Vcc = 12V, I = 40mA Powered by RS51-0124 battery

  32. Characterization of MAR8: Input/Output Missmatch • Matched to 50Ω at the input: |S11|< -15dB 2.32GHz < f < 2.48GHz • Matched to 50Ω at the output: |S22|<-15dB 2.33GHz < f < 2.45GHz

  33. Characterization: Stability • Unconditional Stability Criteria are satisfied: • K > 1 2.22GHz < f < 2.60GHz • B1 > 0 0 < f < 2.60GHz

  34. |S21|=12dB f = 2.40GHz Measured gain=9.5dB Since we are operating at power levels 4 dBm, cable losses are significant and effect the measured gain. Characterization: Gain

  35. Challenges/Problems • Operation of Potentiometers • Trouble Figuring Out Correct Configuration • Added 1 kΩ Resistors in Series Between Parallel Port and Input Pins • Amplifier • Was Not Feasible to Build One Given the Time Constraint • Non-Functional Substitutes • Initialization of RF Signals Being Transmitted When Car Is Powered on

  36. Thanks To: • Professor Swenson • Derek Gottlieb • Professor Steven J. Franke • Professor Alex Cangellaris • Chad Carlson • Josh Potts

  37. Questions?

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