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Chapter 10. Challenges in Transborder Data Flow Effy Oz. Agenda. Basic Assumptions of the Chapter Recent History: Hurdles to TBDF Technical constraints Political considerations Language barriers Cultural differences The LAW Discussion. Basic Assumptions.
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Chapter 10 Challenges in Transborder Data Flow Effy Oz.
Agenda • Basic Assumptions of the Chapter • Recent History: Hurdles to TBDF • Technical constraints • Political considerations • Language barriers • Cultural differences • The LAW • Discussion Issues in Transborder Data Flow
Basic Assumptions • “Free flow of information is one of the cornerstones of free trade and economic growth.” • “There are still [some] challenges that make international transfer of data difficult or simply impossible.” • Standardization of hardware and software has resolved many technical issues Issues in Transborder Data Flow
Basic Assumptions • A hurdle (or a challenge) is a problem • These challenges fall into neat categories • The remaining categories revolve around cultural, political and economic “interests” • What is an interest? • Why do countries have interests and how are they manifested? Issues in Transborder Data Flow
Transborder Data Flow Inhibitors Connectivity Connections INTO the country Connections TO people/orgsBandwidth BPS generallySecurity Making sure transactions are privatePolitical Constraints Role of Government, interference Language, Measures Translation of web information General use of language Technical language specifications Cultural Differences People-people relationships Local valuesLegal Issues US vs. the World Issues in Transborder Data Flow
TBDF Inhibitors: Technical Connectivity Few countries still not linked Some countries insufficient servers Many countries restrict accessBandwidth Many countries=narrow bandwidthSecurity Largely resolved (!), but don’t you be- lieve it. Issues in Transborder Data Flow
TBDF Inhibitors: Political Political Constraints Who should control is often linked to political/social/economic system Some countries think information is a national asset. Others don’t buy into the free enterprise ethic. Issues in Transborder Data Flow
Metric13-11-200370 kgMain St., 10, Here22h45 or 22.45 USFeb. 13, 2003 154 lbs. 10 Main St. Here 10:45 pm TBDF Inhibitors: Language Language, Measures Dynamic translation imperfect, clumsy US vs. the world on distance, weights, address, date standards. Rest of the world (ROW) is generally metric Issues in Transborder Data Flow
TBDF Inhibitors: Cultural These views are reinforced by politicians and are often based in reality. What is A culture? Cultural Differences Culture and values Symbol usage Many countries want to protect their “culture” against foreign, often American, influences These interfere with attempts to adopt business styles and portfolios. In addition, each culture has a set of symbols, colors, postures, etc. that is unique Issues in Transborder Data Flow
TBDF Inhibitors: Legal Law Sector: Public vs. Private Type of processing, processor About people or organizations • Type of Protection or provision • Prespecified information collection • Individual right to inspect, know, challenge • Informed consent Issues in Transborder Data Flow
Transborder Data Flow; the Situation Issue I Protecting against unwanted incoming info.: “imperialism” issue Issue III Taking part in the growth of ICT in the world: issue of “participation” Entity Issue II Protecting against prying eyes of others not “of us”: “protectionism” or “privacy” issue Entity could be a country, a state, a region, a community, an organization, a family Issues in Transborder Data Flow
Your Thoughts • Regulation? • Free Market? • Role of the Individual? • Role of Technology? • Technological determinism • Technological fatalism Issues in Transborder Data Flow