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Language Study

Language Study. Phonetics/Phonemics Apling 627 Spring 2008. Principles of Modern Linguistics. Languages and Dialects. Legitimate systems of communication Systematic and rule-governed No one language/dialect is better than another All languages have a standard dialect

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Language Study

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  1. Language Study Phonetics/Phonemics Apling 627 Spring 2008

  2. Principles of Modern Linguistics

  3. Languages and Dialects • Legitimate systems of communication • Systematic and rule-governed • No one language/dialect is better than another • All languages have a standard dialect • Dialects of languages ‘compete’ for varying levels of status and legitimacy • Northern American English ‘five’ [faiv] • Southern American English ‘five’ [fa:v]

  4. Necessary Distinctions • Prescriptive vs. descriptive approaches to language study • Descriptive: vowels are lengthened before voiced consonants (e.g. [fæt] vs. [fæ:d]) • Prescriptive: [nukliər] is the ‘correct’ pronunciation of nuclear; [nukyulər] is incorrect

  5. Language Change • Natural • Does not involve decline or decay • Variations in the pronunciation of nuclear, for instance, natural/inevitable • Newer changes take time to gain full acceptance

  6. Speech and Writing • Speech is primary • Writing is secondary • Recently these claims have come under criticism

  7. Components of Language • Grammar • Psychological • Pragmatics • Social

  8. Controversies • Not all linguists study grammar/pragmatics • Importance of each disputed • Boundary between grammar/pragmatics not always clear

  9. Teaching Considerations Can pronunciation be taught? • Is pronunciation that important? • Should we strive for ‘accurate’ or ‘fluent’ pronunciation? • How much formal instruction in pronunciation should students be given? • What types of practice with pronunciation should they receive?

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