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Chapter 10

Chapter 10. Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems. OBJECTIVES. Identify the organs and other structures of the cardiovascular and lymphatic systems Define and spell the word parts Build and analyze medical terms using word parts

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Chapter 10

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  1. Chapter 10 Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

  2. OBJECTIVES • Identify the organs and other structures of the cardiovascular and lymphatic systems • Define and spell the word parts • Build and analyze medical terms using word parts • Define, pronounce, and spell the disease and disorder, diagnostic, surgical, and complementary terms for the cardiovascular and lymphatic systems • Interpret the meanings of abbreviations • Read medical documents and interpret medical terminology contained in them

  3. Function of the Cardiovascular System Nourishes the body by transporting nutrients and oxygen to the cells and removing carbon dioxide and other waste products

  4. Interior of the Heart

  5. Microcirculation

  6. Cardiovascular System • heart: muscular organ the size of a closed fist, located behind the breast bone and between the lungs. The pumping action, circulates blood throughout the body • upper chambers: right and left atrium • lower chambers: right and left ventricle • cardiac septum: separates right and left sides of heart

  7. Cardiovascular System (cont’d) • tricuspid valve: located between right atrium and right ventricle • bicuspid valve (mitral valve): located between the left atrium and left ventricle • pericardium: outer layer of heart • myocardium: middle, thick, muscular layer • endocardium: inner lining of the heart

  8. Cardiovascular System (cont’d) • blood vessels:tubelike structures that carry blood throughout the body • arteries:carry blood containing oxygen & other nutrients away from the heart to the body cells except for the pulmonary artery, which carries carbon dioxide and other waste products to the lungs • arterioles: smallest arteries • aorta: largest artery in the body

  9. Cardiovascular System (cont’d) • veins: carry blood containing carbon dioxide and other waste products back to the heart except for the pulmonary vein, which carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart • venules: smallest veins in the body • venae cavae: largest veins in the body • capillaries:connect arterioles with venules; exchange of gases takes place in capillaries

  10. Cardiovascular System (cont’d) • blood • plasma: liquid portion of blood in which cells float • cells • erythrocytes: red blood cells that carry oxygen • leukocytes: white blood cells that fight infection • platelets (thrombocytes): for coagulation

  11. Function of the Lymphatic System • Removal of excessive tissue fluid, which develops from increased metabolic activity. (Lymphatics, or lymph vessels, are found throughout most of the body.)

  12. Lymphatic System

  13. Lymphatic System • lymph: transparent, usually colorless, tissue fluid • lymph nodes: small, spherical bodies made up of lymphoid tissue; act as filters in keeping substances such as bacteria from the blood

  14. Lymphatic System (cont’d) • spleen:located in the left side of the abdominal cavity between the stomach and the diaphragm; largest lymphatic organ in the body • thymus gland: located anterior to the ascending aorta and posterior to the sternum between the lungs; plays an important role in the development of the body’s immune system

  15. Combining Forms for Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems • angio/o • aort/o • arteri/o • atri/o • cardi/o • lymph/o • phleb/o • plasm/o

  16. Combining Forms for Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems (cont’d) • splen/o • thym/o • valv/o, valvul/o • ven/o • ventricul/o

  17. Combining Forms Used with Cardio-vascular and Lymphatic Systems • ather/o • ech/o • electr/o • isch/o • therm/o • thromb/o

  18. Prefixes • brady- • tachy-

  19. Similar Suffixes Usedin Diagnostic Terms

  20. -ac -apheresis -crit -graph -odynia -penia -poiesis -sclerosis Suffixes

  21. Disease and Disorder Terms Built from Word Parts Heart and Blood Vessels • angiocarditis • angioma • angiostenosis • aortic stenosis • arterioscletosis • atherosclerosis • bradycardia • cardiodynia

  22. Aortic Stenosis

  23. Disease and Disorder Terms Built from Word Parts (cont’d) Heart and Blood Vessels • cardiomegal • cardiomyopathy • endocarditis • ischemia • myocarditis • pericarditis • tachycardia • thrombophlebitis

  24. Disease and Disorder Terms Built from Word Parts (cont’d) Blood and Lymphatic Systems • hematocytopenia • hematoma • lymphadenitis • pancytopenia • splenomegaly • thrombosis • thrombus • thymoma

  25. Disease and Disorder Terms Not Built from Word Parts • acute coronary syndrome • anemia • aneurysm • angina pectoris • cardiac arrest • coarctation of the aorta • congestive heart failure (CHF) • coronary occlusion

  26. Aneurysm

  27. Coarctation of the Aorta

  28. Disease and Disorder Terms Not Built from Word Parts (cont’d) • deep vein thrombosis (DVT) • dysrhythmia • embolus • fibrillation • hemophilia • hemorrhoid • Hodgkin disease • hypertensive heart disease (HHD)

  29. Disease and Disorder Terms Not Built from Word Parts (cont’d) • leukemia • mitral valve stenosis • myocardial infarction (MI) • peripheral arterial disease (PAD) • rheumatic fever • sickle cell anemia • varicose veins

  30. Surgical Terms Built from Word Parts • angioplasty • angiorrhaphy • atherectomy • endarterectomy • pericardiocentesis • phlebotomy • splenopexy • thymectomy

  31. (within) / (artery) / (excision)

  32. Surgical Terms Not Built from Word Parts • aneurysmectomy • bone marrow transplant • cardiac pacemaker • coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) • coronary stent • defibrillation • femoropopliteal bypass • hemorrhoidectomy

  33. Coronary Artery Bypass Graft

  34. Coronary Stent A, Stent at site of plaque formation. B, Inflated balloon and expanded stent. C, Implanted stent.

  35. Placement of Defibrillator Paddles

  36. Surgical Terms Not Built from Word Parts (cont’d) • implantable cardiac defibrillator • laser angioplasty

  37. Implantable Cardiac Defibrillator

  38. Diagnostic Terms Built from Word Parts Heart and Blood Vessels • Diagnostic imaging • angiography • angioscopy • aortogram • arteriogram • venography

  39. Diagnostic Terms Built from Word Parts (cont’d) Heart and Blood Vessels • Cardiovascular diagnostic procedures • echocardiogram (ECHO) • electrocardiogram (ECG, EKG)

  40. (electric activity) / cv / (heart) / cv / (record)

  41. Diagnostic Terms Built from Word Parts Blood and Lymphatic Systems • Laboratory • erythrocyte count (RBC) • hematocrit (HCT) • leukocyte count (WBC) • Diagnostic imaging • lymphangiography

  42. Diagnostic Terms Not Builtfrom Word Parts (cont’d) Heart and Blood Vessels • Diagnostic imaging • digital subtraction angiography (DSA) • Doppler ultrasound • exercise stress test • thallium test • transesophageal echocardiogram

  43. Diagnostic Terms Not Builtfrom Word Parts (cont’d) Heart and Blood Vessels • Other diagnostic terms • sphygmomanometer • stethoscope

  44. Sphygmomanometer

  45. Diagnostic Terms Not Builtfrom Word Parts (cont’d) Blood and Lymphatic System • Laboratory • complete blood count (CBC) • coagulation time • hemoglobin (Hgb) • prothrombin time (PT)

  46. Diagnostic Terms Not Builtfrom Word Parts (cont’d) • Other • bone marrow biopsy • cardiac catheterization • impedance plethysmography

  47. Bone Marrow for Biopsy

  48. Cardiac Catheterization

  49. Complementary Terms Built from Word Parts • atrioventricular (AV) • cardiac • cardiogenic • cardiology • hematologist • hematopoiesis • hemolysis • hemostasis

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