The Anatomy of Head & Neck BY: DR. Yahya H. Alfarra Faculty of Dentistry, Palestine University

1. The Anatomy of Head & Neck BY: DR. Yahya H. Alfarra Faculty of Dentistry, Palestine University

2. Right CCA:arise from the brachiocephalic trunk behind sternoclavicular joint Left CCA:arise from the aortic arch Arteries of the Head and NeckCommon carotid Artery

4. From the sterno- clavicular joint till the upper border of the thyroid cartilage where it divides into the external and internal carotid arteries -At point of bifucation _ beginning of ICA show localized dilatation which called carotid sinus.)innervated by ..?.. cranial N.) Small structure lies post. To point of bifucation of CCA (CAROTID BODY) Common carotid Artery

6. External carotid artery • Supplies the structures of the face, neck and scalp. • Begins in the sup border of the thyroid cartilage and ends into the parotid gland substance.

7. Branches of the ECA • Superior thyroid artery 2. The ascending pharyngeal artery • Ascends on the wall of the pharynx and supplies it and the tonsils. 3. The lingual artery • Arises at the level of the hyoid bone • Enters the submandibular region 4. The facial artery • Arises just above the lingual artery • Passes posterior to the submandibular gland and supplies the face. 5. The occipital artery • Arises opposite the facial artery • Supplies the back of the scalp 6. The posterior auricular artery • Supplies the auricle.

9. Within the substance of the parotid gland the ECA divides into its two terminal branches: 7. Superficial temporal artery 8. Maxillary artery

11. Internal Carotid Artery • Gives no branches in the neck • Supplies the brain, the eye, the forehead and the nose. NOTE: • CCA. + ICA. = no branches in the neck

12. Right Subclavian Artery The right subclavian artery arises from the brachiocephalic artery, behind the right sternoclavicular joint At the outer border of the first rib, it becomes the axillary artery. Left Subclavian Artery The left subclavian artery arises from the arch of the aorta in the thorax. Subclavian Arteries:

13. First Part of the Subclavian Artery: The first part of the subclavian artery extends from the origin of the subclavian artery to the medial border of the scalenus anterior muscle. This part gives off the vertebral artery, the thyrocervical trunk, and the internal thoracic artery.

14. Thethyrocervical trunk is a short trunk that gives off three terminal branches. 1-Theinferior thyroid artery 2-Thesuperficial cervical artery 3-Thesuprascapular artery

16. Second Part of the Subclavian Artery The second part of the subclavian artery lies behind the scalenus anterior muscle Branches Thecostocervical trunk Third Part of the Subclavian Artery Branches The third part of the subclavian artery usually has no branches. Occasionally, however, the superficial cervical arteries, the suprascapular arteries, or both arise from this part.

17. Carotid sheath • Common carotid artery • Internal carotid artery • Internal jugular vein • Vagus nerve • IJV lymph nodes NOTE: The CCA has no branches in the neck other than its terminal branches (ICA & ECA)

19. Begin at Jugular foramen in the skull, It unites with the subclavian vein to form the brachiocephalic veins. Internal Jugular Vein

20. Tributaries of the IJV 1-The inferior petrosal sinus 2. The facial vein • Joins the retromandibular vein (post facial to form the common facial vein which joins the IJV 3. the pharyngeal veins • Drain the pharyngeal venous plexus and joins the IJV 4. The lingual vein

22. 5. The superior thyroid vein 6. The middle thyroid vein

23. Thank you very much