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Red River Rebellion

Red River Rebellion. 1869-1870. Key figures. Louis Riel. Key Figures. John A. Macdonald. Key Figures. William McDougall. Main Cause. 1868: Tension over sale of Rupert’s Land by HBC to Canada w/o consultation with Metis -Land surveyors. Main Events.

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Red River Rebellion

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  1. Red River Rebellion 1869-1870

  2. Key figures • Louis Riel

  3. Key Figures • John A. Macdonald

  4. Key Figures • William McDougall

  5. Main Cause • 1868: Tension over sale of Rupert’s Land by HBC to Canada w/o consultation with Metis • -Land surveyors

  6. Main Events • -October, 1869 – surveyors seen on Metis land • -Riel and friends go out to meet them on horseback • -one of the Metis men stands on surveyor’s chain • -Metis form “National Metis Committee” to fight for their land & rights

  7. Main Events • -Metis tell McDougall • “You’re not welcome here!” • -McDougall ignore Metis warning

  8. Main events • -National Metis Committee – seize Upper Fort Garry

  9. Main Events • Metis wanted to negotiate entry into Confederation with THEIR rights observed. • Provisional Government

  10. Main Events • The Metis hoped their Provisional Government would • -give them a voice • -prevent McDougall from giving total control of Red River to the Canadian Party

  11. Main Events • postponed transfer of Rupert’s Land, sent letter to McDougall (who didn’t get letter)

  12. Main Events • An assumption of the Government by you, of course, puts an end to that of the Hudson’s Bay Company’s authorities… There would then be, if you were not admitted into the Country, no legal government existing… it is quite open by the Law of Nations for the inhabitants to form a Government… for the protection of life & property, and such a Government has certain sovereign rights… • - Sir John A Macdonald to William McDougall

  13. Main events • Proclaimed himself governor, then crossed back into United States • This gave the Provisional Government authority over the area

  14. Main Events • Early December, 1869 • -fearing racist, French-hating McDougall might give control to Canadian Party, Riel sent army of Metis to arrest (Dr.) John Schultz & 48 supporters • -confined to Ft. Garry

  15. Main Events • Macdonald – sends Donald Smith (HBC) to negotiate w/Riel

  16. Main events • Smith goes to carry the olive branch. We must not think of military force until peaceable means have been exhausted. Should these miserable half-breeds not disband, they must be put down. • -Sir John A. Macdonald

  17. Main Events • Upon arrival in Red River, Jan. 1870: • -Smith agreed w/Riel to send Metis negotiators to Ottawa (+) • -John Schultz and some fellow prisoners escaped Fort Garry (-)

  18. Main events • Thomas Scott

  19. Main Events • There is no doubt that he [Scott] would have been spared and let out when we were, had he behaved himself • - George Sanderson, member of the Canadian Party

  20. Main events • Death of Thomas Scott marked end of threat of war between Metis and Canadian Party • By end of Jan. 1870, Metis and Canadian Party members went to Ottawa to negotiate the creation of Manitoba

  21. Creation of Manitoba

  22. results • Colonel Garnet Wolseley

  23. Results • Louis Riel fled to U.S.

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