1 / 12

Motivation & Emotion

Chapter 13. Motivation & Emotion. Theories of Motiviation. Motivation—an internal state that activates behavior and directs it towards a goal. Instinct Theory Drive-Reduction Theory Incentive Theory Cognitive Theory. Instinct Theory. Do insticits determine motivation?

koto
Télécharger la présentation

Motivation & Emotion

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Chapter 13 Motivation& Emotion

  2. Theories of Motiviation • Motivation—an internal state that activates behavior and directs it towards a goal. • Instinct Theory • Drive-Reduction Theory • Incentive Theory • Cognitive Theory

  3. Instinct Theory • Do insticits determine motivation? • Instinct—innate tendencies that determine behavior • Examples: salmon swimming up a river, cleanliness, socialbility, sympathy, parental love • Flaw in theory: Instincts Do NOT explain behavior.

  4. Drive-Reduction Theory • Do needs motivate us? • Need—biological or psychological rquirement of an organism • Need results from a lack of something desireable or useful. • Ex: oxygen, food, self-esteem, social approval • A Need produces a Drive • Drive—a state of tension produced by a need that motivates an organism toward a goal

  5. Drive-Reduction Theory (Continued) • A Need produces a Drive • Drive—a state of tension produced by a need that motivates an organism toward a goal • Ex: hunger drives us to eat • Homeostasis—the tendency for body to return or mainitain a balnced state • Drive-reduction theory causes human to act in rando or hbitual ways. • At times we like to be out of homeostasis” • Examples????

  6. Incentive Theory • Incentive—an external reinforcer or reward that motivate behavior. • Drives push us to reduce needs; Incentives pull us to obtain them!

  7. Section 2: Biological & Social Motives • Biological Needs are physiological ones that we need to fulfill to survive. • Social Needs are those that are learned through experience.

  8. Cognitive Theory (continued) • If you spend hours and hours playing basketball..which one of the two are you fulfilling? • If your parents want you to excel at a sport, which one are you fulfulling? • You can also be fulfilling both. For example...going out to dinner with friends (Hunger..extrinsinsic) and (Socializing ..intrinsic)

  9. Cognitive Theory • Theory that seeks to explain motivation by looking forces both inside and outside of us that energize us to move. • Extrinsinic motivation—engaging in activities that reduce biologicgal needs or help obtain external incentives • Intrinsic motivation—engaging in activities becasus they are personally rewarding or because they fulfull our beliefs abd expectations.

  10. Biological Motives • Food, water, oxygen, sleep, and avoidance of pain • Hunger • What motivates us? • Smell • Habit • Lateral hypothalamus—part of the brain that produces hunger signals • Ventromedial hypothalamus----part of the brain that can make one stop eating altogether.

  11. Hunger (continued) • Other Factors— • Psychoscocial Factors • External cues that can affect when and where we eat • Smell and appearance of food • When other people are eating • Social pressures to look thin • Being bored or stressed • Certain events: movies—popcorn!

  12. Obesity • Genetics play a large part in a person’s propensity to obesity. • An obese person is categorized as being 30% or more above his or her ideal body weight. • 1/3 of Americans are defined as being obese. • Obesity is also contributed to: • Response to external cues • Insufficient level of exercise • Anxiety & Depression

More Related