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The Revolutionary War

The Revolutionary War. From Enlightenment to Revolution. Enlightenment: “To challenge the authority” Voltaire: Freedom of Speech and religious freedom Montesquieu: Separation of Powers Locke: “Natural Rights” Rights given to everybody that can’t be taken away. Bringing the Ideas to Life!.

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The Revolutionary War

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  1. The Revolutionary War

  2. From Enlightenment to Revolution • Enlightenment: “To challenge the authority” • Voltaire: Freedom of Speech and religious freedom • Montesquieu: Separation of Powers • Locke: “Natural Rights” Rights given to everybody that can’t be taken away

  3. Bringing the Ideas to Life! • Declaration of Independence • Locke to Jefferson • “When the govt. does not protect the people’s rights, it is the right of the people to abolish the govt. and create a new one!”

  4. After Lexington & Concord • 20,000 colonists surround Boston • Washington has men, needs supplies • Benedict Arnold and Ethan Allen seize artillery from Ft. Ticonderoga • Washington drives British from Boston • They will be back!

  5. British overconfidence • Did not guard Ft. Ticonderoga • British ask for 20,000 troops, King gives 4,000 • Bunker Hill: Frontal assault

  6. Well-disciplined army Had supplies, money Best Navy in the world Native American allies Helped by mercenaries War not popular in England Fought in America No supplies, money No Navy Untrained army European allies “Home-field Advantage” Fighting for a reason! Strengths & Weaknesses British Americans

  7. Battle Chart-Lex. & Concord • April 18th & 19th 1775 • British attempt to seize arsenal;Shots fired, high #’s of British casualties • Americans

  8. Bunker (Breed’s) Hill: June 17th 1775 • British choose frontal assault, storm 3 times; Americans run out of ammo. British gain hill at big cost; Proved American’s desire. • Who won: ?

  9. New York: July 1776 • British retake New York and Washington begins retreat to New Jersey • British

  10. Trenton & Princeton: Dec. 26th, 1776 & Jan. 1777 • Washington uses “Victory or Death” surprise attack; captures 1000 Hessians;2nd victory at Princeton helps recruit soldiers • American

  11. Saratoga: Oct. 1777 • Arnold & Gates crush Burgoyne; British surrender 6,000 troops. Victory persuades French to join American. Arnold does not get credit. • American

  12. Valley Forge: Winter 1777 • Brutal winter; French and other leaders (Von Stueben) help train army • ?

  13. Charleston: 1780 • British capture 5,500 Americans. Worst defeat of war. • British

  14. “South”: 1780-81 • Nat Greene and the Americans avoid large-scale battles and let Cornwallis/British chase them=wears them out. • NA

  15. Yorktown: Oct. 1781 • Washington and Rochambeau (French) surround and bombard Cornwallis; force British to surrender. Americans win the war. • American

  16. Treaty of Paris 1783 • Britain recognizes US as independent • Northern border set at NE to Miss. Rv (Great Lakes) • Miss. Rv. Was western border (Spain to west) • Florida returned to Spain • Britain to withdraw troops (?) • Loyalists property & rights restored

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