1 / 50

Fig. 15-0a

Fig. 15-0a. Fig. 15-0b. Fig. 15-0c. Fig. 15-1. Fig. 15-2. Fig. 15-3a. Fig. 15-3b-1. Formation of short RNA polymers: simple “genes”. Monomers. 1. Fig. 15-3b-2. Assembly of a complementary RNA chain, the first step in replication of the original “gene”. 2. Formation of short RNA

ladonna
Télécharger la présentation

Fig. 15-0a

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Fig. 15-0a

  2. Fig. 15-0b

  3. Fig. 15-0c

  4. Fig. 15-1

  5. Fig. 15-2

  6. Fig. 15-3a

  7. Fig. 15-3b-1 Formation of short RNA polymers: simple “genes” Monomers 1

  8. Fig. 15-3b-2 Assembly of a complementary RNA chain, the first step in replication of the original “gene” 2 Formation of short RNA polymers: simple “genes” Monomers 1

  9. Phanerozoic eon Cenozoic Meso- zoic Fig. 15-4 Humans Paleozoic Colonization of land Origin of solar system and Earth Animals 1 4 Archaean eon Proterozoic eon years ago Billions of 3 2 Multicellular eukaryotes Prokaryotes Single-celled eukaryotes Atmospheric oxygen

  10. Fig. 15-5 1 – 2 Fraction of Carbon-14 remaining 1 – 4 1 – 8 1 –– 16 1 –– 32 11.4 22.8 28.5 0 5.7 17.1 Time (thousands of years)

  11. Fig. 15-6

  12. Fig. 15-6a

  13. Fig. 15-6b

  14. Fig. 15-7a North American Plate Eurasian Plate Caribbean Plate Philippine Plate Juan de Fuca Plate Arabian Plate Indian Plate Cocos Plate South American Plate Pacific Plate Nazca Plate African Plate Australian Plate Scotia Plate Antarctic Plate

  15. Present Fig. 15-7b Cenozoic Eurasia North America 65.5 Africa India South America Madagascar Australia Antarctica Laurasia 135 Gondwana Mesozoic Millions of years ago 251 Pangaea Paleozoic

  16. Fig. 15-7c

  17. Fig. 15-7d North America Asia Europe Africa South America Australia = Living lungfishes = Fossilized lungfishes

  18. San Andreas Fault Fig. 15-8 North AmericanPlate San Francisco Santa Cruz Pacific Plate Los Angeles California

  19. Fig. 15-8a

  20. Fig. 15-9 North America Chicxulub crater • Yucatán Peninsula Yucatán Peninsula

  21. Fig. 15-9a Yucatán Peninsula

  22. Fig. 15-9b

  23. Fig. 15-10 Ancestral mammal Monotremes (5 species) Reptilian Ancestor Marsupials (324 species) Eutherians (placental mammals; 5,010 species) 100 0 250 200 150 50 Millions of years ago

  24. Gills Fig. 15-11a

  25. Fig. 15-11b Chimpanzee adult Chimpanzee fetus Human fetus Human adult

  26. Fig. 15-11c Missing pelvic spine

  27. Fig. 15-12 Transparent protective tissue (cornea) Light-sensitive cells Light-sensitive cells Fluid-filled cavity Cornea Lens Layer of light-sensitive cells (retina) Eye cup Retina Nerve fibers Nerve fibers Optic nerve Optic nerve Optic nerve Eye cup Patch of light- sensitive cells Simple pinhole camera-type eye Eye with primitive lens Complex camera-type eye Limpet Marine snail Abalone Nautilus Squid

  28. Light-sensitive cells Fig. 15-12a Nerve fibers Patch of light- sensitive cells Limpet

  29. Light-sensitive cells Fig. 15-12b Eye cup Nerve fibers Eye cup Abalone

  30. Fluid-filled cavity Fig. 15-12c Layer of light-sensitive cells (retina) Optic nerve Simple pinhole camera-type eye Nautilus

  31. Transparent protective tissue (cornea) Fig. 15-12d Lens Layer of light-sensitive cells (retina) Optic nerve Eye with primitive lens Marine snail

  32. Cornea Lens Fig. 15-12e Retina Optic nerve Complex camera-type eye Squid

  33. RECENT Equus Hippidion and other genera PLEISTOCENE Nannippus Fig. 15-13 Pliohippus Neohipparion Hipparion PLIOCENE Megahippus Sinohippus Callippus Archaeohippus Merychippus MIOCENE Anchitherium Hypohippus Parahippus Miohippus OLIGOCENE Mesohippus Paleotherium Epihippus Propalaeotherium Pachynolophus Orohippus EOCENE Grazers Browsers Hyracotherium

  34. Fig. 15-14

  35. Species: Felis catus Fig. 15-15a Genus: Felis Family: Felidae Order: Carnivora Class: Mammalia Phylum: Chordata Kingdom: Animalia Domain: Eukarya Archaea Bacteria

  36. Genus Order Family Species Fig. 15-15b Felis catus (domestic cat) Felidae Felis Mephitis mephitis (striped skunk) Mephitis Mustelidae Carnivora Lutra lutra (European otter) Lutra Canis latrans (coyote) Canis Canidae Canis lupus (wolf)

  37. Fig. 15-16a Iguana TAXA Duck-billed platypus Kangaroo Iguana Beaver Duck-billed platypus Long gestation 0 0 1 0 Hair, mammary glands Kangaroo CHARACTERS Gestation 0 0 1 1 Gestation Hair, mammary glands Beaver 0 1 1 1 Long gestation Phylogenetic Tree Character Table

  38. TAXA Duck-billed platypus Fig. 15-16aa Iguana Beaver Kangaroo Long gestation 0 0 1 0 CHARACTERS Gestation 0 0 1 1 Hair, mammary glands 0 1 1 1 Character Table

  39. Iguana Fig. 15-16ab Duck-billed platypus Hair, mammary glands Kangaroo Gestation Beaver Long gestation Phylogenetic Tree

  40. Lizards and snakes Fig. 15-16b Crocodilians Pterosaurs Common ancestor of crocodilians, dinosaurs, and birds Ornithischian dinosaurs Saurischian dinosaurs Birds

  41. Front limb Fig. 15-16c Hind limb Eggs

  42. Lesser panda Procyonidae Raccoon Fig. 15-17 Giant panda Spectacled bear Ursidae Sloth bear Sun bear American black bear Asian black bear Polar bear Brown bear 35 30 25 20 15 10 Pleistocene Miocene Oligocene Pliocene Millions of years ago

  43. 0.20 Fig. 15-18 0.15 Differences between HIV sequences 0.10 Computer model of HIV 0.05 0 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000 Year

  44. 1 Most recent common ancestor of all living things 2 Gene transfer between mitochondrial ancestor and ancestor of eukaryotes Fig. 15-19a Gene transfer between chloroplast ancestor and ancestor of green plants 3 Bacteria 3 2 1 Eukarya Archaea 1 0 4 3 2 Billions of years ago

  45. Eukarya Fig. 15-19b Bacteria Archaea

  46. Fig. 15-UN1 1.2 bya: First multicellular eukaryotes 2.1 bya: First eukaryotes (single-celled) 500 mya: Colonization of land by fungi, plants, and animals 3.5 bya: First prokaryotes (single-celled) .5 3.5 2 1.5 0 3 2.5 4 1 Billions of years ago (bya)

  47. Fig. 15-UN2

  48. Fig. 15-UN3 (a) (d) (b) (c)

  49. Systematics generates hypotheses for constructing traces Fig. 15-UN4 evolutionary relationships shown in (a) based on using (b) cladistics seen in analysis identifies nucleotide sequences must distinguish from shared ancestral characters (f) using determine sequence of branch points (e) (c) (d)

  50. Fig. 15-UN5 Outgroup

More Related