1 / 15

Ernest Shackleton, The Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration and E ndurance

Ernest Shackleton, The Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration and E ndurance. Jennifer Hoban, Jaime Nix, Federico Palacios & Phong Tong University of Central Oklahoma. Ernest Shackleton: The Man. Second of Ten Children Oldest Son Love of literature and the sea

lainey
Télécharger la présentation

Ernest Shackleton, The Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration and E ndurance

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Ernest Shackleton, The Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration and Endurance Jennifer Hoban, Jaime Nix, Federico Palacios & Phong Tong University of Central Oklahoma

  2. Ernest Shackleton: The Man • Second of Ten Children • Oldest Son • Love of literature and the sea • Attentive, observant and intelligent • Married Emily Dorman at 28 • Eager to make a name for himself and family

  3. Ernest Shackleton: The Career • Merchant Marines • 1890 - Joined at the rank of ‘Boy’ at 16 • 1892 - First Mate at 18 • 1898 - Full Master at 24 • Appointed to National Antarctic Expedition (NEA) 1901 • Three Expeditions to South Pole • Discovery Expedition 1901-04 • Nimrod Expedition 1907 • Endurance Expedition 1914-17

  4. Ernest Shackleton – Expedition Discovery • 1901 Shackleton joined Robert Scott on a trek to the South Pole. • Scott and Shackleton clashed frequently • Did not meet objective, but pushed further than any previous expedition • Scott published Voyage of Discovery • Shackleton portrayed as point of failure • Shackleton began planning Expedition Nimrod

  5. Ernest Shackleton – Expedition Nimrod • Determined to prove self-worth • Two years raising funds and securing endorsements • Two years sailing • Established the furthest south record of 97 geographic miles from Pole • Knighted by King Edward VII for this achievement

  6. Reaching the South Pole: The Race for First • Fierce International Competition • Roland Amundsen of Norway won the race in 1911 • Prompted Shackleton’s Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition Difficulties are just things to overcome, after all. --Ernest Shackleton

  7. Ernest Shackleton – Expedition Endurance • Crossing of Antarctica from Weddell Sea to Ross Sea • Many Obstacles • Funds • Supplies • Crew • Ships • Set Sail January 18, 1915 • Crew of 28

  8. Funding the Endurance • Required $4.4M to $7M • Private and Public Investors Leery • Mission Deemed too Dangerous • Rumors of Physical Weakness

  9. Rations and Supplies • Commission of Specialty Products • Composition Cake • 3000 calories a piece • Lime Juice Capsules • Vitamin C • Equipment and Clothing • Windproof Coats • Fur Lined Sleeping Bags • Sturdy tents

  10. A Crew of Twenty-Eight • Candidates divided into categories of: Mad, Hopeless and Pathetic • Shackleton desired balance of personality and capability • Premium placed on Perseverance • Sought experienced North Sea Fishermen

  11. Initial Trials and Unexpected Obstacles • Britain Declared War on Germany • Captain Incapable of Maintaining Discipline • Dog Sled Trainer Failed to Appear • Poor Credit • Ice Flows Further North than Expected

  12. Endurance Antarctic Bound • August 8, 1914 • Leaves British Waters • December 5, 1914 • Departed South Georgia • January 10, 1914 • Spotted Antarctica • January 21, 1915 • Frozen in ice floe • October 27, 1915 • Abandoned Ship • November 1, 1915 • Established Permanent Camp • November 21, 1915 • Endurance Sinks

  13. After Endurance • Lifeboats launched in search of land • Camp Established on Elephant Island • 800 mile journey on James Cairdto South Georgia Island • Four months after James Caird launched, party was rescued • All survived

  14. The Endurance Voyage - What Went Wrong • Failure to properly assess risk factors • Lack of survival skill training • Failure to train sled dogs • Decision to sail despite northern ice floes

  15. What Could Have Been Done Differently • Postpone the Expedition • More favorable sea conditions • Full and capable staff

More Related