1 / 20

Contraception

Contraception. Contraception. Reversible sterilization Controlled by the individual Different methods Natural method Physical and chemical barriers Steroid analogues and antagonist. Natural methods. Coital methods No chemical/physical interventions

laken
Télécharger la présentation

Contraception

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Contraception

  2. Contraception • Reversible sterilization • Controlled by the individual • Different methods • Natural method • Physical and chemical barriers • Steroid analogues and antagonist

  3. Natural methods • Coital methods • No chemical/physical interventions • Societal view of artificial interventions • Religious view of artificial interventions • Rhythm method • Avoiding coitus around the time of ovulation • First part of menstrual cycle • Based on menstrual cycle • Based on lifespan of oocyte and sperms

  4. Natural methods • Coital methods • Rhythm method • Avoiding coitus around the time of ovulation • Variation in body temperature during ovulation (0.2-0.6C increase) • Not as effective • Variation in the time of ovulation • 20 X less effective compared to oral contraceptions

  5. Natural methods • Coital methods • Coitus interruption • Withdraw of penis before ejaculation • Most common form of contraception • Not highly effective • Mutual masturbation and oral sex • No vaginal insemination • Reduced disease transmission

  6. Physical and chemical barriers • Condoms • Male • Most common form of mechanical contraception • Female • Protection of cervical os from coming in contact with semen after coitus

  7. Diaphragm • Similar to condom • Barrier between vagina and cervix • Use in combination with spermatocides • Control of fertility by females • Protection against inflammatory diseases • Needs training/practice for high efficiency

  8. Oral contraceptives • Chemical suppression of ovulation • Artificial steroid analogues • Longer half-life • Progesterone analogue with or without estrogens • Mimics pregnancy to some extend • Effectiveness • Duration of exposure • Types of steroids being used

  9. Use of progesterone-estrogen combination • Progesterone alone • Suppression of ovulation • Variable effectiveness • Addition of estrogens • Additional feedback • Increased progesterone effectiveness • Suppression of gonadotropin secretion • 21 days plus 7 day break • Removal of old endometrium

  10. Progesterone only contraceptives • Oral or injectable from • Suppression of ovulation • Abnormal ovarian activity • Less side effects compared to combination contraceptives • Higher chance on failure compared to combination • Strict regiments

  11. Side effects • Social • Psychological • Physiological • Some potential for developing life-threatening conditions • Blood clotting

  12. Morning-after pill • High dose of estrogen • Taken within 72 hours after the intercourse • Progesterone antagonist • RU 486

  13. Steroidal contraceptives for men • Suppression of gonadotropin secretion • Progesterone • GnRH analogue • Results in reduced androgen production • Reduced libido • Reduced masculine stimulation • Use of androgen • Health risks

  14. Future • Problems • Not technology • User issues • Immunological approach • Against hormones • Against sperms

More Related