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Final Exam Part 2 Review

Final Exam Part 2 Review. The diagram shows the life cycle of the common housefly . Which process is shown by this diagram?. Metamorphosis. SURVIVAL. What do all four animals have in common? They reproduce asexually. They are composed of cells.

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Final Exam Part 2 Review

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  1. Final Exam Part 2 Review

  2. The diagram shows the life cycle of the common housefly. Which process is shown by this diagram? Metamorphosis

  3. SURVIVAL

  4. What do all four animals have in common? • They reproduce asexually. • They are composed of cells. • They have similar means of locomotion. • They have the same internal structures

  5. Which substance do all living things require to survive? • blood 2. water 3. carbon dioxide 4. organic soil

  6. In order to survive, all organisms must have • chlorophyll 2. carbon dioxide 3. energy 4. blood

  7. The sum of all chemical reactions in the human body is known as (1) feedback (2) metabolism (3) dynamic equilibrium (4) biological adaptation

  8. Which sequence correctly shows the levels of organization for structure and function in a human? • cell → tissue → organ → organ system 2. organ system → cell → tissue → organ 3. tissue → organ → organ system → cell 4. cell → organ → tissue → organ system

  9. Which diagram below represents one type of human tissue? (The diagrams are not drawn to scale.)

  10. Which life process is shown by the equation below? respiration

  11. 1. Which part of the plant is directly involved in sexual reproduction? In which part of the plant does most photosynthesis occur? A - leaves

  12. 1. Which part of the plant is directly involved in sexual reproduction? 2. Which structure absorbs water and minerals? A - leaves D - roots

  13. Which part of the microscope is used to bring the image of the object on the slide into focus? Which part of the microscope helps to magnify the specimen? B A and D

  14. HUMAN

  15. Which two body systems most directly cause the arm to bend? • skeletal and muscular • reproductive and endocrine • respiratory and excretory • nervous and digestive

  16. A cat jumps when startled by a loud noise. This is an example of an organism • sensing and responding to its external environment • sensing and responding to its internal environment • changing and controlling its external environment • changing and controlling its internal environment

  17. Homeostasis/Regulation 1. Which term describes an organism’s ability to maintain a stable internal environment? 2. Running to escape danger is an action that requires the nervous system to coordinate the interaction of which two body systems? • digestive and endocrine 2. muscular and skeletal 3. reproductive and excretory 4. circulatory and digestive

  18. Insulin and glucagon are hormones that affect blood sugar levels. The diagram below shows the feedback system used by the human body to increase and decrease blood sugar levels. This feedback system is one way that the human body (1) circulates gases (3) destroys viruses (2) maintainsequilibrium (4) transports nutrients

  19. 1. The interaction of the skeletal and muscular systems to produce locomotion is coordinated by which human body system? 2. Infections may be caused by • mutations 2. microorganisms 3. toxic substances 4. climate changes Nervous system

  20. The chart below identifies the function of several organs found in a human body system. Which human body system performs these functions? Respiratory system

  21. 1. In humans, the amount of sugar in blood is controlled by the release of a hormone called insulin. This process is an example of • depletion 2. digestion 3. regulation 4. excretion 2. Which human organ system eliminates liquid and gaseous wastes from the body? (1) circulatory (3) excretory (2) endocrine (4) reproductive

  22. In one serving of this macaroni and cheese, how many Calories come from fat? • 12 (2) 65 (3) 110 (4) 250

  23. How many of the organisms in the lab dish are insects? • 1 (2) 2 (3) 3 (4) 4

  24. Reproduction

  25. The diagram below shows three generations of cell division. How many cells should exist in the fourth generation? 8

  26. 1. A broken bone heals through the process of • adaptation 2. mutation 3. cell division 4. chemical digestion 2. In animal skin tissue, cell division is responsible for 1. growth and repair 2. sexual reproduction 3. obtaining energy 4. production of sex cells

  27. What advantage does a species that reproduces sexually have over a species that reproduces asexually? 1. There is greater variation among the offspring. 2. The offspring are identical to the parents. 3. Only one parent is necessary for reproduction. 4. No sex cells are needed for reproduction.

  28. Which letter in the diagram represents fertilization? C

  29. The diagram shows four stages in the development of a human after fertilization. Between stages A and D, which process must occur? 1. mutation 2. sexual reproduction 3. cell division 4. extinction

  30. Which sequence of development is correct? • fertilized egg → tissues → organ systems → organs 2. fertilized egg →organ systems → organs → tissues 3. fertilized egg → organs → tissues → organ systems 4. fertilized egg → tissues → organs → organ systems

  31. Which statement describes a method of sexual reproduction that occurs in plants? • Stem cuttings are placed in water and grow roots. 2. Seeds are produced from the flower of the plant. 3. Underground stems from a plant grow into new plants. 4. A leaf falls to the soil, develops roots, and grows

  32. The diagram below shows a cross section of a bean seed. The function of part X in the bean seed is to 1. provide protection for the embryo 2. provide nutrients for the embryo 3. prevent mutations in the plant 4. fight off infections in the plant

  33. Genetics

  34. 1. Many cells have a nucleus that contains chromosomes. These chromosomes carry genes that are composed of • hormones 2. DNA molecules 3. minerals and water 4. undigested food molecules 2. Which term identifies a single unit of hereditary information? • egg cell (2) sperm cell (3) nucleus (4) gene

  35. The diagram shows a model of human inheritance. 1. What is this model used to determine? • the possibility of having twins 2. the probability of a trait being passed on • the rate of mutation 4. the production of sex cells 2. What is the genetic makeup of the parents? • AAandaa2. Aa and Aa • 3. AA and AA4. aa andaa 7

  36. 1. Each body cell of a goldfish contains 94 chromosomes. How many chromosomes are contained in a goldfish sex cell? 47 2. The drawing below represents a pair of chromosomes. The area labeled “bands” shows the location of • egg cells • sperm cells • reproductive hormones • specific genes

  37. 1. Cancer is most often the result of (1) abnormal cell division (2) natural selection (3) bacterial infection (4) biological adaptation 2. An organism is born with a genetic abnormality not present in any of its ancestors. This abnormality is most likely the result of (1) circulation (3) mutation (2) competition (4) respiration

  38. Evolution

  39. Feathers, wings, and the hollow bones of birds are examples of • adaptations for flight 2. responses to stimuli 3. unnecessary body parts 4. reproductive structures

  40. Letters A, B, and C represent three time periods. Which process does this diagram best represent? 1. ecological succession 2. genetic engineering 3. natural selection 4. asexual reproduction

  41. The diagram below shows the head structure of four different birds. The birds’ beaks show how the birds • compete for the same food in their community • require different amounts of food for survival • store food for the winter months • are adapted to get food from different sources

  42. Although change in multicellular species usually takes thousands of years, some species of bacteria undergo major changes in just a few years. One reason for this difference is that these bacteria • are microscopic 2. do not contain DNA 3.  reproduce very quickly 4. cause infectious diseases 2. Which group of organisms can show significant trait changes in the shortest period of time? 1. bacteria 2. birds 3. fish 4. reptiles

  43. The illustration below traces the development of the corgi dog over several generations as a result of human activity. This is an example of • mutation • genetic engineering • selective breeding • natural selection

  44. 1. When the environment changes more quickly than a species can adapt, the species may become • extinct (2) dominant (3) diverse (4) overpopulated 2. Over time, these organisms evolved from a common ancestor. Which process best explains why they now have different characteristics? • extinction (2) metabolism (3) asexual reproduction (4) biological adaptation 3. Naturally occurring variations within a species are mainly the result of mutations and • sexual reproduction (2) dynamic equilibrium (3) metabolism (4) camouflage

  45. The diagram shows how modern types of flowers developed from early types of flowers over the last 75 million years. What is the most likely reason why these early flowers gradually changed to many different types of flowers over time? (1) The flowers’ traits were genetically engineered. (2) The environments of the flowers stayed the same. (3) The genetic material of the flowers stayed the same. (4) The flowers adapted to environmental conditions.

  46. Which statement describes a role of fungi in an ecosystem? 1. They transfer energy to decaying matter. 2. They release oxygen into the ecosystem. 3. They recycle chemicals from dead organisms. 4. They synthesize organic nutrients from inorganic substances.

  47. Ecology

  48. The diagram below shows several different organisms found in an area. The worms in the diagram represent (1) a community (3) a habitat (2) an ecosystem (4) a population

  49. The diagram below shows a food chain. What do the arrows in the diagram represent? (1) flow of energy (3) one community replacing another (2) life cycle stages (4) renewable resource depletion

  50. Which process is illustrated in the diagrams? • ozone depletion 2. global warming 3. recycling resources 4. ecological succession

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