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Neuroanatomske osnove oboljenja CNSa

Neuroanatomske osnove oboljenja CNSa. FASPER šk. god. 2010/11 Neurologija Prof. Dr. Veronika Išpanović Radojković. Struktura nervnog sistema. Centralni nervni sistem: Mozak (Encephalon) Kičmena moždina (Medulla spinalis) Periferni nervni sistem: Moždani (kranijalni) živci (12 pari)

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Neuroanatomske osnove oboljenja CNSa

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  1. Neuroanatomske osnove oboljenja CNSa FASPER šk. god. 2010/11 Neurologija Prof. Dr. Veronika Išpanović Radojković

  2. Struktura nervnog sistema • Centralni nervni sistem: • Mozak (Encephalon) • Kičmena moždina (Medulla spinalis) • Periferni nervni sistem: • Moždani (kranijalni) živci (12 pari) • Kičmeni (spinalni) živci (31 par) • Autonomni nervni sistem: • Simpatički • Parasimpatički

  3. Mozak (Encephalon) • Cerebrum (mozak u užem smislu): • Telencephalon (Veliki mozak): • Kora velikog mozga (siva masa) • Supkortikalna bela masa • Limbički sistem i bazalne ganglije • Diencephalon: • Thalamus, • Hypothalamus • Epithalamus • Moždano stablo: • Srednji mozak (Mesencephalon) • Pons (Metencephalon) • Produžena moždina (Myelenecephalon) • Mali mozak (Cerebellum)

  4. Veliki mozak (Telencephalon) • Dve hemisfere • Razdvaja ih interhemisferična pukotina • Spaja ih žuljevito telo (Corpus callosum) • Spolja moždana kora (siva masa) • Iznutra: • Bela masa (ushodni i nishodni putevi) • Limbički sistem i bazalne ganglije (sukortikalna siva masa)

  5. Režnjevi velikog mozga • Linije razdvajanja: • Centralna Rolandova brazda (Sulcus centralis Rolandi) • Lateralna Silvijeva jama (Fissura cerebri lateralis Sylvii) • Frontalni • Parijetalni • Temporalni • Okcipitalni Limbički režanj

  6. Cingulate gyrus Anterior nucleus of thalamus Thalamus Para-olfactory area Fornix Mamillary bodies of hypothalamus Hypothalamus Hippocampus Uncus Amygdala Para-hippocampal gyrus

  7. Hippocampus Amygdala

  8. Pituitary Hypothalamus

  9. Režnjevi velikog mozga (lobusi) • Frontalni (čeoni): • Primarna motorna kora • Asocijativna motorna kora • Prefrontalni regioni • Parijetalni (temeni): • Primarna somatosenzorna kora • Somatosenzorna asocijativna kora • Temporalni (slepoočni): • Primarna auditivna kora • Auditivna asocijativna kora • Okcipitalni (zatiljačni): • Primarna vizuelna kora • Vizuelna asocijativna kora LIMBIČKI SISTEM (režanj)

  10. Motor cortex Somatosensory cortex Sensory associative cortex Pars opercularis Visual associative cortex Broca’s area Visual cortex Primary Auditory cortex Wernicke’s area

  11. Primary motor cortex (M1) Posterior parietal cortex Supplementary motor cortex (SMA) Premotor cortex (PMA)

  12. Primary motor cortex (M1) Hip Trunk Arm Hand Foot Face Tongue Larynx

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