1. Nervous System -Sense Organs Lance Gamboa Carl Tan

2. carries information from the brain to the body Sense Organs Peripheral Nervous System from the environment sends information to the brain

3. The Sense of Taste–The Tongue taste buds contain taste receptors mostly found on raised protrusions of tongues called papillae food saliva can taste sweet, salty, sour, bitter, or umami depending on the chemical stimulation

4. The Sense of Smell–The Nose olfactory bulb cilia nostrils mucus membrane nasal cavity separated from the olfactory epithelium by a bone small hair-like projections on the olfactory epithelium the lining of the nasal cavity the holes of the nose through which air enters a space behind the nose in the middle of the face mucus membrane connected to the smell receptors produces mucus that capture small particles from the air connected to the smell receptor neurons of the nose separated from the oral cavity by the upper mouth nasal cavity Air nose contains the olfactory nerves that transmit nerve messages to the brain covered with mucus allows molecules that contain odor to dissolve for the nerves to detect nostrils upper mouth connects with the throat stimulated by odor molecules below the brain

5. The Sense of Touch–The Skin Pacinian corpuscles Nociceptors Meissner’s corpuscles Thermoreceptors Ruffini corpuscles Merkel’s disks mechanoreceptor receptors that respond to changes in temperature sensitive to skin stretch the second most sensitive of all the skin mechanoreceptors sensory receptors of the skin that are stimulated by mechanical pressure/distortion the pressure mechanoreceptor most sensitive of all the skin mechanoreceptors pain receptors believed to monitor object slippage on the skin, allowing modulation of grip comes in two types: heat and cold receptor lies deeper within the skin rapidly-adapting receptors can detect distortions in the skin with size of 1 micrometer include touch and pressure receptors heat receptor: temperature above body temperature can sense vibrations, texture, and light touch detect mechanical changes within joints, especially angle changes tissue rapidly-adapting sensory receptors slowly-adapting receptors cold receptor: temperature below body temperature senses light touch and how long an object has been touching the skin detect gross pressure changes and vibrations may also sense heat more cold than heat receptors

6. The Sense of Sight–The Eye anterior chamber optic nerve pupil lens cornea ciliary muscle sclera vitreous body retina iris colored area of the eye membrane found at the back of the eyeball gives the eye it shape changes the shape of the lens gathers light transparent covering of the iris space between cornea and iris carries the nerve messages to the brain black area of the eye white area of the eye ciliary muscle an opening in the iris protects the iris contains a transparent fluid made up of light-sensitive cells (rods and cones) has muscles that change its shape tough material that covers the eyeball focuses the light on the retina thickens the lens when looking at something close up contains a clear , jelly-like material called vitreous humor vitreous body thins the lens when looking at something faraway helps focus light in the eye nourishes and keeps the eye healthy works like a movie projector where light passes to from the lens to the retina lets light enter the eye rods–tell the form & shape cones–tell the color tough material that covers the eyeball processes the light image and converts it to nerve messages shrinks when light is near but enlarges when there is little light anterior chamber

7. The Sense of Hearing–The Ear eardrum hammer/malleus oval window cochlea ear canal ossicles cochlear nerve pinna membrane-covered opening of the cochlea a spiral-shaped cavity in the inner ear also known as the tympanic membrane the auditory nerve that receives nerve impulses from the organ of corti bones found in the tympanic cavity of the middle ear the tube that extends from the pinna to the eardrum the ear flap that can be seen on the face’s sides the bone attached to the eardrum from which vibrations are passed tectorial membrane anvil/incus separates the outer ear from the middle ear carries sound waves from the pinna to the ear drum consist of the malleus (hammer), incus (anvil), and the stapes (stirrup) collects sound waves leads from the middle ear to the cochlea receives vibrations from the force the stirrup exerts on the oval window the nerve that carries these nerve impulses to the brain bridges the hammer (from which vibrations are passed) to the stirrup contains fluids which vibrate after the stapes hits the oval window receives amplified vibrations from the stirrup secretes cerumen (earwax) that aids in cleaning, lubrication, and protection smallest bones of the body transmits sound waves from the ear canal to the ossicles in the form of vibrations directs sounds to the auditory canal stirrup/stapes receive vibrations from the eardrum, increase the force ofthese, and move these to the cochlea causes vibrations to occur in the cochlea’s fluids (together with the stirrup) contains the organ of corti (the organ that contains au-ditory sensory receptor cells) Pinna the bone attached to the anvil from which vibrations are passed and to the oval window’s membrane sound waves outer ear middle ear inner ear

8. Thank you for listening! Though I believe you were bored.