1. Succession

2. Primary Succession • Defined: Establishment and development of an ecosystem in an uninhabited environment • Volcanic lava creates new land • Glaciers retreating exposing new land

3. Bare Rock • Lava cools and hardens into rock

4. Pioneer Species • Defined: First organisms to inhabit new land • Moss and lichen grow on bare rock • Dead matter accumulates with rock pieces • Thin soil layer begins to accumulate

5. The Process Continues • Seeds enter the area and grow • Small flowers & shrubs accumulate more organic matter • With new plants, small animals inhabit the area

6. The Process Continues • Small trees take root in the accumulated organic matter • More animals use the trees as a habitat

7. Climax Community • Large trees take root • Overcrowd and out-compete the original smaller trees • New animals inhabit new forests

9. Secondary Succession • Changes that take place after a disturbance occurs in an established ecosystem • Forest fires, floods, tree falls… • Faster scale (soil preexists)

16. Kobe Kuiz • What are the first organisms to live within a newly created patch of land called? • Give examples of the answer to question #1. • What are the final organisms to live within a newly created patch of land called? • How are new areas of land created? • Give a few examples how the process of secondary succession can start. • How does primary and secondary succession differ?