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Bioresourcing for Cities & Regions. Marlene Kienberger Institute of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology (CEET) Graz University of Technology Austria. Introduction. Motivation Bioeconomy – the three pillars Bio- Fuels Bio- Energy Biobased products
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Bioresourcing for Cities & Regions Marlene Kienberger Institute of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology (CEET) Graz University of Technology Austria
Introduction • Motivation • Bioeconomy – thethreepillars Bio-Fuels Bio-Energy Biobased products • Status quo andongoingresearch • Derivedneeds
Transition into a bio-economy • Fossil fuel are finite BUT still new oil fields are discovered • Fossil fuel is a great product BUT shall be used for high quality products • Climate change and defined goals • Cascade raw material utilization • Renewables for fuel production • Renewables for energy production • Critical raw materials (Co, Sb, Mg,….)
Bioeconomy – threepillars Bio-fuels • Biodiesel: madefrom different rawmaterials • Lignin: mainlyfromwoodpulping • Ethanol: madefromsugars • Hydrogen: reformingofhydrocarbons Biobased economy Energy-, fuel- andproductmarket Biobased products Bio-Energy Bio-Fuels Bio-Fuels biorefinery Biogenicrawmaterials ULLMANN'S Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry; Online ISBN: 9783527306732; DOI: 10.1002/14356007
Status Quo - Biofuels • Biodiesel: multifeedstockfacilitiesinstalledworldwide => difficultrawmaterials such ascarcasse => research on catalystsforbiodieselproduction => Algaeasraw material forfattyacids • Lignin: mostimportantbiofuelworldwide => chemicalrecoverycycle in pulpingprocess => heatand power generationforpulpandpaperprocesses, aswellasforthegrid • Ethanol: madefromcornorcellulosic material => digestionusingcellulosic material • Hydrogen: asfuelsand „bulk“ chemical => bio-hydrogen production
Bioeconomy – threepillars Bio-energy • Solar • Water • Wind • Biomass (wood, agriculturalwaste) • Bio-gas Biobased economy Energy-, fuel- andproductmarket Bio-Energy Biobased products Bio-Energy Bio-Fuels biorefinery Biogenicrawmaterials ULLMANN'S Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry; Online ISBN: 9783527306732; DOI: 10.1002/14356007
Status Quo - Bioenergy • Solar: China istheleadinginstallercountry => material research, perovskie, nanoparticles, orientation • Water: stateoftheart - restrictedtoareaswithwater => improvingtheperformanceofexistingplants, loweringcost => marine andhydrokineticindustry • Wind: stateoftheart - restrictedtoareaswith wind => asynchronyof wind power => off shore • Biomass: CHP stateoftheart => different rawmaterials • Biogas: stateofthearttechnology => rawmaterials
The grid • Gridadjustment due toenergy mix • Regional • Energy will bemorevisible in ourdailylife • The costumerasproducer • Energyefficiency • Storage http://www.govtech.com/blogs/lohrmann-on-cybersecurity/how-secure-is-our-smart-grid.html
Bioeconomy – threepillars Biobased products • Lignin • Carbohydrates • Fats • Proteins • Special substances Biobased economy Energy-, fuel- andproductmarket Biobased products Bio-Energy Bio-Fuels Biobased products biorefinery Biogenicrawmaterials ULLMANN'S Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry; Online ISBN: 9783527306732; DOI: 10.1002/14356007
Status Quo – biobased products • Lignin: second most abundant biopolymer world wide => isolation and purification => products => LCA • Carbohydrates: source for a lot of products, fermentation => new materials (electronic devices, fertilizers,..) => tailormade products (e.g. intermediates for cancer drugs) => continuous product isolation and product purification • Fats • Proteins • Special substances
Challengesandsolutions Standard unitoperationsneedtobeadaptedrespectivelynewtechnologiesneedtobedesigned • Challenges => diluteprocessstreams => difficultprocessmatrix (pH, T, suspended matter, celldebris, intracellularproducts,….) => emulsionformation • Solutions => newtechnologiesarepartiallythere => membranetechnologiesareemerging => bioprocesstechnology in combinationwithchemicalengineeringearly in thedevelopment
Interdisciplinarteamsareneeded Processengineers Biologists Bioprocessengineers Economists Electricalengineers ….. Sociologists Chemists Mechanical Engineers https://covenanthospice.wordpress.com/2012/07/12/the-interdisciplinary-group-a-team-approach/
Thank you for your attention! Marlene Kienberger Institute of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology (CEET) Graz University of Technology Austria Email: marlene.Kienberger@tugraz.at Tel.: +43 316 873 7484