13.3 Solids, Dude!

1. 13.3 Solids, Dude! • In a solid, all particles have a fixed location • Crystals: repeating structures in a solid • Allotropes can exist in more than one “design” (like carbon-graphite, diamond, or bucky ball) • Amorphous solids: have no regular repeating shape.

2. 13.4 Changing states • Nomenclature • Melting and freezing are opposites. • Boiling and condensation are opposites • Sublimation goes straight from solid to gas • All of this can vary depending on temperature and pressure

3. Phase diagrams

4. Summary • Read p 406, know vocabulary and labs and lab notes

5. Matching Match each item with the correct statement below. ____ 1. the smallest group of particles within a crystal that retains the shape of the crystal ____ 2. a solid in which the particles are arranged in an orderly, repeating pattern ____ 3. a solid that lacks an ordered internal structure ____ 4. two or more different molecular forms of an element in the same physical state

6. Match each item with the correct statement below. ____ 5. vaporization at the surface of a liquid that is not boiling ____ 6. the conversion of a liquid to a gas below the boiling point ____ 7. the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to the external pressure ____ 8. the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to 1 atmosphere ____ 9. the temperature at which a solid changes into a liquid ____ 10. the change of a solid directly to a vapor

7. Match each item with the correct statement below. ____ 11. All matter consists of tiny particles that are in constant motion. ____ 12. the energy an object has due to its motion ____ 13. a device used to measure atmospheric pressure ____ 14. the pressure resulting from the collision of atoms and molecules with objects ____ 15. a measure of the force exerted by a gas above a liquid