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MORPHOLOGICAL PATTERNS OF INFLAMMATION

MORPHOLOGICAL PATTERNS OF INFLAMMATION. Serous Catarrhal Fibrinous Hemorrhagic Suppurative Pseudomembranous Ulcerative Gangrenous. PATTERNS. ACUTE INFLAMMATION. INFLAMMATORY EXUDATES. Serous Watery, protein-poor effusion (e.g., blister) Serous – largely plasma, low in protein,

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MORPHOLOGICAL PATTERNS OF INFLAMMATION

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  1. MORPHOLOGICAL PATTERNSOFINFLAMMATION

  2. Serous Catarrhal Fibrinous Hemorrhagic Suppurative Pseudomembranous Ulcerative Gangrenous PATTERNS ACUTE INFLAMMATION

  3. INFLAMMATORY EXUDATES • Serous • Watery, protein-poor effusion (e.g., blister) • Serous – largely plasma, low in protein, Occurs early or in mild inflammation

  4. SEROUS EXUDATE

  5. ACUTE INFLAMMATION SEROUS

  6. ACUTE INFLAMMATION SEROUS

  7. INFLAMMATORY EXUDATES • Catarrhal – mucus hypersecretion that accompanies inflammation of a mucus membrane.

  8. ACUTE INFLAMMATION CATARRHAL

  9. INFLAMMATORY EXUDATES • Fibrinous – large amounts of fibrinogen, Forms a thick, sticky meshwork. Only removed by fibrolytic enzymes. Failure of removal leads to influx of fibroblasts & scar tissue formation

  10. ACUTE INFLAMMATION FIBRINOUS

  11. FIBRINOUS EXUDATE

  12. INFLAMMATORY EXUDATES • Hemorrhagic – damage to blood vessels, Occurs with other forms of exudate.

  13. ACUTE INFLAMMATION HEMORRHAGIC

  14. INFLAMMATORY EXUDATES • Suppurative/ purulent • Presence of pus (pyogenic staph spp.) • Often walled-off if persistent – contains pus (remains of WBCs, protein and tissue debris). Liquefactive necrosis!

  15. ACUTE INFLAMMATION

  16. ACUTE INFLAMMATION SUPPURATIVE / PURULENT - ABSCESS

  17. ACUTE INFLAMMATION SUPPURATIVE / PURULENT - ABSCESS

  18. ACUTE INFLAMMATION SUPPURATIVE / PURULENT - EMPYEMA

  19. SUPPURATIVE / PURULENTEXUDATE

  20. ACUTE INFLAMMATION SUPPURATIVE / PURULENT

  21. Pseudomembranous • Adherent layer of inflammatory cells & debris at the site of mucosal injury • Pseudomembranous colitis – Clostridium difficile • Diphtheria – Corynebacterium diphtheriae

  22. ACUTE INFLAMMATION PSEUDOMEMBRANOUS Atlanta South Gastroenterology, P.C.

  23. Ulceration & erosion • Local defects or excavations of the surface of an organ or mucous membrane resulting from sloughing or loss of necrotic tissue. An ulcer is full thickness epithelial loss (through basement membrane). An erosion is more superficial and does not penetrate basement membrane.

  24. ACUTE INFLAMMATION ULCERATIVE

  25. ACUTE INFLAMMATION GANGRENOUS

  26. ACUTE INFLAMMATION GANGRENOUS Appendix Gallbladder

  27. CELLULAR PARTICIPANTS

  28. HOST DEFENSE POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES (PMNL) Neutrophils Eosinophils Basophils

  29. HOST DEFENSE MONONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES Lymphocytes Monocytes

  30. Phagocytes • Derived from the Greek words “Eat & cell”. • Phagocytosis is carried out by macrophages, neutrophils

  31. Neutrophil - common leucocyte of the blood - 40-70% - short-lived phagocytic cell - predominate early in infection - ACUTE INFLAMMATION

  32. Monocyte- largest nucleated cell of blood - 2-10% -develops into macrophage when it migrates to tissues Macrophage- phagocyte--scavenger cell-- of tissues - CHRONIC INFLAMMATION

  33. Functions of macrophages • Phagocytosis • Antigen presentation • Cytokines

  34. EOSINOPHIL • 1-6% in peripheral blood • Allergic reactions • Parasitic infestations • Release mediators

  35. BASOPHILS & MAST CELLS • Basophils in blood - 0-1% • Mast cells – in tissues • IgE surface receptor • Allergic reactions

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