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The Influence of Behavior on Initiation and Cessation: Insights from Social Factors

This presentation explores how behavior is influenced by both initiation and cessation processes, emphasizing the role of social support and individual motivation. Utilizing the ASE model and theories such as the Theory of Reasoned Action and Social Learning, it examines factors like self-efficacy, descriptive norms, and external influences on intentions and behaviors. The findings suggest significant impacts of parents and peers, underscoring the importance of community-based strategies for behavior change. This research is pivotal for understanding smoking cessation and health behavior initiatives.

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The Influence of Behavior on Initiation and Cessation: Insights from Social Factors

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  1. How behaviour influences behaviour? Paulo D. Vitória, Portugal (pvitoria@fcsaude.ubi.pt) Lisbon, 6th May 2010

  2. Initiation & Cessation • What links initiation and cessation? • Both are learning processes • Both demand the want and the effort of the individual • Both demand social influence and support • Lets focus first on initiation ===>

  3. ASE Model(De Vries et al., 1998; De Vries & Mudde, 1998) Theories of Reasoned Action (Ajzen & Fishbein, 1980 Fishbein & Ajzen, 1975) and Planned Behaviour (Ajzen, 1991, 1988); Aprendizagem Social (Bandura, 1977, 1986); Motivational Factors Attitude External Factors Social Influence Intention Behaviour Self-efficacy 3

  4. Model (of Social Influence) Social Influence: Processes: [(SN+DN+(DP)] XReferents[(Parents+Peers (+siblings)] Motivational Factors Social Influence SN Parents SN Peers DN Parents DN Peers Intention Behaviour External Factors Attitude SN=Subjective Norm DN=Descriptive norm (DP=Direct pressure) Self-efficacy 4

  5. Results- Social Influence – Intention – Behaviour T1 T2 T3 0,30 SN Pa SN Pa 0,24 0,18 0,23 SN Pe SN Pe R2 (Intenção T1) = 0,45 R2 (Intenção T2) = 0,65 R2 (Comportamento T2) = 0,67 R2 (Comportamento T3) = 0,76 0,89 DN Pa DN Pa 0,22 0,12 0,35 0,80 DN Pe DN Pe 0,14 0,20 .35 0,42 0,87 Bh T2 Intention T2 Intention T1 Bh. T3 -0,35 -0,27 0,20 Attitude (agaist) Attitude (agaist) 0,32 Pa – Parents Pe - Peers SN – Subjective Norms DN – Descriptive Norms —— Significative effects ------ Non-significative effects -0,30 -0,22 -0,23 -0,26 Self- efficacy (refusal) 0,21 Self- efficacy (refusal) -0,21 χ2(670)=1113,28, p<.000; RMSEA=.034; ECVI=2.45; AIC=1413.28; NNFI=.98; CFI=.98; SRMR=.070; AGFI=.78

  6. Conclusions (initiation) • Descriptive norms have a direct effect on behaviour • Parents and Peers have a direct effect on behaviour through descriptive norms • Self-efficacy mediates effects on behaviour • Past behaviour have a strong effect on present behaviour 6

  7. Cessation • Strategies: • Descriptive norms - reverse way (to see others quit) • Self-efficacy - reverse way (to see how others quit) • Past behaviour influences present behaviour (let’s try to stop / to quit) • Trying is an important step to stop and to quit • (Difference between stop and quit) 7

  8. Cessation • Programs implemented in micro-systems • Workplaces • Small communities manly through pharmacies • (Smoke Free Families) 8

  9. Workplace Program Evaluation • Individual level • 155 (38%) smokers (N=408) • 54 (35%) participated in information sessions • 64 (41%) participated in individual counselling • 38 (25%) participated in stop smoking program • 22 in continuous abstinence after 6 months (14% of the total smokers; 58% of total participants) • Organizational level • Prevalence of smokers dropped from 38% to 30% in 1 year

  10. How behaviour influences behaviour? Paulo D. Vitória, Portugal (pvitoria@fcsaude.ubi.pt) Lisbon, 6th May 2010

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