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Comprehensive Midterm Review: Programming Languages and Paradigms

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This midterm review covers essential concepts across five chapters, focusing on programming languages and their evolution. Chapter 1 introduces the importance of programming language study, evaluation criteria, and implementation strategies. Chapter 2 highlights the historical contributions of major languages like FORTRAN, LISP, and ALGOL. Chapters 3, 11, 14, and 15 delve into syntax, semantics, object-oriented, functional, and logic programming, allowing students to master BNF, OOP characteristics, Scheme functions, and Prolog syntax. Prepare effectively for your midterm with this comprehensive review.

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Comprehensive Midterm Review: Programming Languages and Paradigms

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  1. Midterm Review In Text: Chapters 1, 2, 3, 11, 14, 15

  2. Chapters Covered • Ch. 1 • Ch. 2 • Ch. 3 • Ch. 11 • Ch. 14 • Ch. 15  Midterm Review 

  3. Ch. 1: Introduction • Why study PLs? • Language evaluation criteria • Two main influences on PL design • 5 paradigms • Implementation strategies  Midterm Review 

  4. Ch. 2: History and Evolution • What are the major contribution(s) of each language? • Examples: • Support for recursion • Introduction of block structure • First in a paradigm • First formally described syntax • Etc. • Most important to review: FORTRAN, LISP, ALGOL  Midterm Review 

  5. Ch. 3: Syntax and Semantics • BNF & EBNF • What makes a grammar ambiguous? • How do you disambiguate a grammar? • What does it mean for two grammars to “generate the same language”? • Operational semantics • Axiomatic semantics • Applying axiomatic semantics to code segments • Loop invariants, 5 criteria • Denotational semantics  Midterm Review 

  6. Ch. 11: Object-Oriented PLs • What are the three defining characteristics of OOP languages? • What are the other hallmarks of OOP? • Definition of OOP terms • Familiarity with Smalltalk • Design issues for OOPLs  Midterm Review 

  7. Ch. 14: Functional Programming • What are the hallmarks of FP? • Definition of FP terms • Scheme syntax • You’ll have to write a Scheme function  Midterm Review 

  8. Ch. 15: Logic Programming • What are the hallmarks of LP? • Definition of LP terms • Prolog syntax • You should be able to read Prolog code  Midterm Review 

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