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Food Plants

Food Plants. New Food From Old. Aztec threshing Amaranth – Florentine Codex – 16 th Century. Amaranthus hypocondriacus Amaranthaceae. Amaranth harvest in Sierra Madre, Mexico. Amaranth seed balls for sale in market, Sierra Madre. Aztec God Huitzilopochtli. Amaranth culture in US today.

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Food Plants

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  1. Food Plants

  2. New Food From Old Aztec threshing Amaranth – Florentine Codex – 16th Century

  3. Amaranthus hypocondriacusAmaranthaceae

  4. Amaranth harvest in Sierra Madre, Mexico

  5. Amaranth seed balls for sale in market, Sierra Madre

  6. Aztec God Huitzilopochtli

  7. Amaranth culture in US today

  8. More Amaranth Species A. cruentus A. caudatus

  9. Triticale On left – wheat, triticale, rye

  10. The Trouble with Tribbles

  11. Prickly Pear Pads - Nopales

  12. Star fruit – Averrhoa carambola

  13. Star Fruit - Carambola • The carambola is believed to have originated in Sri Lanka and the Moluccas but it has been cultivated in southeast Asia and Malaysia for many centuries. It is commonly grown in southern China, in Taiwan and India. It is rather popular in the Philippines and Queensland, Australia • There are 2 distinct classes of carambola–the smaller, very sour type, richly flavored, with more oxalic acid; the larger, so-called "sweet" type, mild-flavored, rather bland, with less oxalic acid

  14. Pinyon Pine – Pinus edulis

  15. Stone Pine – Pinus pinea

  16. Pine nuts or pignoli – from Pinus edulis

  17. Kiwi Fruit – Actinidia chinensis

  18. Kiwi fruit cultivation

  19. Taro – Colocasia esculenta

  20. Taro harvest - Hawaii

  21. Taro corms

  22. Poi – made from taro corms

  23. Tamarind – Tamarindus indica

  24. Tamarind Fruits

  25. Tamarind based sauces

  26. Tamarinido Drinks

  27. Ethnobotany and Geography

  28. Ethnobotany and Geography • Ethnobotanical studies often focus on limited geographic areas: regions, countries, provinces, states, and even smaller areas. • This may seem to be a limited arrangement because it prevents making large scale comparisons between areas or plant uses, but it makes sense because the relationships of plants and people in a particular area are often incredibly intimate

  29. Why study plants of Polynesia? • In all traditional cultures the relationships of plants and people are reciprocal and dynamic • In traditional societies, most plant products are collected, produced and consumed locally • Michael Balick and Paul Cox feel that nowhere has the effect of the use of plants on human culture been more dramatic than in their use to manufacture sea craft that transport people and their crops across vast stretches of the ocean

  30. Long Ocean Voyages by Humans • Erik the Red journeyed 800 miles from Iceland to discover Greenland; his son Leif Eriksson went farther sailing nearly 2000 miles from Greenland to an area he called Vinland, which we know as a part of Newfoundland in Canada • Polynesians would commonly travel the 422 miles from Fiji to Tonga or 769 miles from Fiji to Samoa; Samoa to Tahiti (1059 miles) was not unheard of; the longest trips were from Tahiti to Hawaii (2700 miles) such trips did not occur often, but occurred often enough to populate almost all habitable islands in the Pacific and to allow trade and exchange of culture across the Pacific

  31. Viking voyages

  32. Viking longship – Gokstad, Norway

  33. Polynesian Islands

  34. Tahiti with sailing canoes and other ships – painted in 1773 by William Hodges with Capt. Cook’s expedition

  35. Boats in Moana

  36. Boats in Moana

  37. Boats on Island of Kabara • The Camakau (thah-mah-cow) which is a single-hulled canoe of up to 15 meters in length and used in inter-island transport and warfare • The Drua (ndrro-ah) which has two hulls and requires up to 50 men to sail it • The Tabetebete (tahm-bay-tay-bay-tay) which is the largest of all Fijian sea craft with an intricate hull of fitted planks that could be up to 36 m long and 7.3 m wide - these vessels could transport up to 200 men, sail at 20 knots

  38. A Drua built about 1900 on Fiji

  39. Design of a camakau, traditional Fijian ocean- going craft

  40. Josafata Cama, traditional shipwright of Kabara Island

  41. Vesi tree – Intsia bijuga

  42. Selecting Vesi trees for ship building – Kabara Island

  43. Hollowing out a Vesi tree trunk for a canoe hull – Kabara Island

  44. Vika Usu weaving a sail from Pandanus leaves – Kabara Island

  45. Pandanus odoratissimus

  46. Young Pandanus leaves

  47. Canarium harveyi sap used for caulk

  48. Kabara Islanders and Sandra Bannock on first voyage of camakau

  49. Where did Polynesians come from? • Based on many characteristics such as blood types, linguistics, indigenous agriculture, and archaeological evidence it is generally thought the Polynesians came from the Lapita, an agricultural people who left Indo-Malaysia and journeyed west

  50. Polynesian Islands

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