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Primate Comparisons

This guide provides a systematic approach to measuring various anatomical features of primate skulls, focusing on brain case size, position, leg count, brow ridge presence, canine dimensions, and facial structure. It explains how to use calipers or tape measures to gather precise data and offers visual resources for better understanding. By following these methods, researchers can effectively compare and analyze primate skulls for studies in anthropology and evolutionary biology.

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Primate Comparisons

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  1. Primate Comparisons Measurements

  2. Brain Case Size • Use the calipers to measure the brain case • Each end should be placed on the temples of the skull • If this equipment is not available, use a tape measure instead

  3. Position of Brain - Top or Behind • The brain may be either at the top of the head or behind the eyes • Observe the skull to determine which option is correct for your sample

  4. Legs – Two or Four • Turn the skull upside down to observe the opening for the spinal chord • If it is on the bottom, it is two legs • If it is at the back, it is four legs

  5. Forehead or Brow Ridge • Brow ridges are bones that extend out above the eye sockets and form a ridge that can easily be seen • If this does not exist, the animal has a forehead instead

  6. Canine Size • Measure the canines of the skull from top to bottom, not side to side • Locate the canines by counting teeth from the center

  7. Face – Flat or Protruding • A flat face has no bones that protrude out – remember, a nose is made of cartilage, as is your chin • A protruding face has jawbones and teeth that come forward instead of being flat

  8. Picture Resources • Brain Case Size: http://photos2.fotosearch.com/bthumb/ULY/ULY027/u27522568.jpg • Brain Position: http://www.azdrybones.com/primates.htm • Legs: http://anthro.palomar.edu/earlyprimates/images/foramen_magnum.gif • Browridge: http://readingevolution.com/images/skulls.jpg • Canine Size: http://www.vanillajoy.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/05/baby-teeth.jpg • Face: http://etc.usf.edu/clipart/77900/77901/77901_ogtn_skull_lg.gif

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