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The Cuban Revolution

SS6H3a. The Cuban Revolution. Essential Question. What lasting impact did the Cuban Revolution have on Cuba and the region?. Gained independence from Spain on 12/10/1898 Sugar Plantations, hotels and casinos were bought by Americas.

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The Cuban Revolution

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  1. SS6H3a The Cuban Revolution

  2. Essential Question • What lasting impact did the Cuban Revolution have on Cuba and the region?

  3. Gained independence from Spain on 12/10/1898 • Sugar Plantations, hotels and casinos were bought by Americas. • The U.S. military stayed on the island. The Platt Agreement of 1901 allowed the U.S. to build a naval base in Guantanamo Bay. • In 1902, Cuba inaugurated its first president Tomas Estrada Palma.

  4. On the Verge of Revolution • The 1952 elections were scheduled for June. • Among those running for president was Fulgencio Batista y Zaldivar. • Batista successfully ruled Cuba from 1933-44. In 1944, he retired from political life and later moved to FL. • In 1948, Batista returned and became a senator in Cuba. • In 1950, he decided to run for president in the 1952 election. • Realizing his chances were slim, Batista and his army staged a coup d'état, or military takeover. • On March 11, 1952, Batista declared himself prime minister. He promoted himself to general and ruled as a dictator until 1958.

  5. “History Will Absolve Me” • On July 1953, Castro and his supporters attacked Santiago de Cuba. • The attack failed, killing more than half of Castro’s forces. • Castro was captured, tried, and thrown in jail. • Castro defended himself with the world “history will absolve me” • He was released in May 1955 • He went to Mexico to plot a way to overthrow Batista…

  6. On December 2, 1956 a small boat beached 82 rebels in southeastern Cuba. • Cuban soldiers surprised them, among the survivors were Castro and his brother. • Cuban authorities reported that Castro had been killed. • He retreated to the mountains. • From there, they waged guerrilla warfare over the next 2 years. • On New Years Eve of 1958, Castro’s forces attacked Havana and forced Batista to leave Cuba. • Castro and his supporters entered Havana on New Years Day and took over Cuba.

  7. Aftermath • At first, most of the world cheered Castro for having ousted Batista. • Castro promised to bring back free elections and a free press. • He also claimed that his government wanted more foreign investment in Cuba and no private businesses would be taken away. • However, Castro signed a law that took land, including sugar cane plantations, away from its foreign owners on May 17, 1959. • The land was to be divided up among Cuban citizens. • These actions angered the U.S. government. • Castro’s actions were perceived as anti-American

  8. Impact/ Bay of Pigs • Castro signed a trade deal with the Soviet Union in Feb. 1960. • On 1/3/61 Eisenhower broke off diplomatic relations with Cuba and enacted a trade embargo with Cuba. • Castro wanted to spread revolution (communism) to the rest of Latin America and there was concern with their alliance with the Soviet Union. • In April 1961, Cuban exiles, armed, trained and financed by the U.S., invaded Cuba at the Bay of Pigs in an attempt to overthrow the govt. Castro took command of the Cuban defense forces and drove off the invaders. • The failed invasion was embarrassing for the new American president, Kennedy

  9. Cuban missile Crisis • In December 1961, Castro declared himself Communist. • In Oct. ’62 U.S. learned that the Soviet Union had installed ballistic missiles in Cuba. • These missiles, able to reach the US, were capable of carrying nuclear warheads. • After negotiations, the incident, which became known as the Cuban Missile Crisis was resolved. • Castro is still in power and the leader of the only allowed political party, Communist. • Free press and free elections are still not allowed • But, education and healthcare is free and available to everyone

  10. Review • What was the Cuban Missile Crisis and why was it important to the U.S.? • What lasting impact did the Cuban Revolution have on Cuba and the region?

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