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Achievements of Cuban Revolution

Achievements of Cuban Revolution. high employment, social support for unemployed free & universal public education & health care national child care, mass literacy campaign expanded higher education, esp. for women improved rural housing & high home ownership

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Achievements of Cuban Revolution

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  1. Achievements of Cuban Revolution • high employment, social support for unemployed • free & universal public education & health care • national child care, mass literacy campaign • expanded higher education, esp. for women • improved rural housing & high home ownership • health & technical aid to poor countries • end to overt racial discimination Failures: authoritarianism repeal of civil liberties personalistic cult of Castro

  2. Somozas in Nicaragua, 1932-81 Assassinated nationalist A. Sandino in 1932 Ensured benefits for U.S. interests and own family: 25% ag production by 1970 • opposed reformist labor policies • drove peasants off land to expand production of export commodities Result: society of tremendous inequality, w/wealthy minority

  3. Sandinista Front for National Liberation (FSLN) “The people of Nicaragua suffer under subjugation to a reactionary and fascist clique imposed by Yankee imperialism in 1932. The Somozist clique reduced Nic. to the status of a neocolony exploited by the Yankee monopolies and the country’s oligarchic groups. The present regime is politically unpopular & juridically illegal. The recognition and aid it gets from N. Americans is irrefutable proof of foreign interference in the affairs of Nicaragua. The FSLN has…analyzed the national reality & has resolved to confront the dictatorship with arms in hand…The triumph of the Sandinista people’s revolution & overthrow of the regime that is an enemy of the people will take place through the development of a hard-fought & prolonged people’s war.” (1969)

  4. Priorities of sandinista gov’t, 1980s • repairing destruction of war • planting sufficient food crops for pop’n • paying off nat’l debt much incurred by Somoza corruption Expropriated Somoza properties for state 40% GNP Established health clinics, schools, housing, cooperative farms w/credit for farmers

  5. Salvadoran guerrillasFMLN: Martí Front for National Liberation united after Archbishop Romero’s assassination, 1980 target of U.S.-funded nat’l guard in El Mozote, 1981 $3 billion U.S. aid to Salvadoran gov’t, 1982-’88 Washington backed moderate reform candidates to deflect political victories by FMLN FMLN response—economic sabotage destroyed coffee economy & electrical grid 1993 Truth Commission report: 95% killings by gov’t death squads & military, vs. FMLN

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