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13.2: War in Europe Begins

13.2: War in Europe Begins. The weak responses of world leaders to Hitler’s aggression leads to WWII. A. Path to War. Fall of Austria & Czechoslovakia Hitler takes over Austria 1938 What does the League of Nations do?. b. Czechoslovakia . Hitler wants to take over the Sudetenland-

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13.2: War in Europe Begins

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  1. 13.2: War in Europe Begins The weak responses of world leaders to Hitler’s aggression leads to WWII

  2. A. Path to War • Fall of Austria & Czechoslovakia • Hitler takes over Austria 1938 • What does the League of Nations do?

  3. b. Czechoslovakia Hitler wants to take over the Sudetenland- contains a large German speaking population

  4. 2. The Munich Crisis (1938) a. Munich Pact • “trio,” France, GB, Germany • Sudentlands given to Hitler

  5. b. Winston Churchill & appeasement –giving up principles to pacify an aggressor

  6. Winston Churchill was named TIME's Man of the Year in 1940 and 1949 "An appeaser is one who feeds a crocodile — hoping it will eat him last."— Winston Churchill Winston Churchill; PM of GB • Elected in 1940

  7. 3. Hitler Demands Danzig • Danzig is part of Poland • Is 90% German • Britain and France vow to protect Poland if Germany invades • Sept. 1, 1939: Hitler invades Poland • Sept. 3, 1939: France & GB declares war on Germany; the war has begun!

  8. 4. The Nazi-Soviet Pact • Agreement between Stalin and Hitler • Stalin wants capitalist nations to go against each other; USSR safe • Hitler’s goal: avoid a two-front war • Secret deal: divide Poland between the two countries

  9. Germany attacks Poland Blitzkrieg-lightning war; surprise, nonstop attacks Germany’s goal: to cut Polish supply lines End result – Germany controls Poland by the end of the month B. The War Begins September 3, 1939

  10. After Poland invasion nothing happened for the next few months Hitler goes around the Maginot Line through the Netherlands, Belgium, and Luembourg 5. “Phony War”

  11. Maginot Line • Maginot line started after WWI; ineffective • French spent millions on its development

  12. Allied forces trapped in Belgium were able to escape to GB via the only port the Germans did not capture in France, Dunkirk. For unknown reasons, Hitler German forces to stop Allows Allied troops to regroup and evacuate > 330,000 troops saved 6. The Miracle at Dunkirk

  13. Hitler captures Northern France French commander Marshal Petain heads Vichy gov’t - puppet gov’t in south of France; Hitler true ruler Gen Charles de Gaulle exiled in GB vowing to regain France Vichy France

  14. WWII: German Advances1939-1941

  15. http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/media_nm.php?lang=en&ModuleId=10005137&MediaId=3376http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/media_nm.php?lang=en&ModuleId=10005137&MediaId=3376

  16. Battle of Britain • Goal: for Hitler to conquer GB by… • Blitzkrieg + air fleet invasion • Luftwaffe vs. Royal Air Force (RAF) • In the beginning, whose winning? • Technology that helped RAF win? • RADAR; could see in the dark • Hitler calls off invasion of Britain

  17. British Hawker Hurricane (bomber)

  18. Supermarine Spitfire (bomber)

  19. Messerschmitt BF 10

  20. Arado AR 240 (heavy fighter)

  21. Soviet w/german pow

  22. Europe prior to WWI

  23. Europe after WWI

  24. Europe 1990

  25. Europe 1995

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