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Behavioral Styles Perspective

Behavioral Styles Perspective. Behavioral Styles Perspective Defined. Leader-focused perspective Emphasis on what leaders do and how they act. Comprised of Two Kinds of Behaviors: Task behaviors Facilitate goal accomplishment Relationship behaviors

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Behavioral Styles Perspective

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  1. Behavioral Styles Perspective

  2. Behavioral Styles Perspective Defined • Leader-focused perspective • Emphasis on what leaders do and how they act • Comprised of Two Kinds of Behaviors: • Task behaviors • Facilitate goal accomplishment • Relationship behaviors • Help subordinates feel comfortable with themselves, each other, and the situation

  3. Behavioral Styles Perspective • Two Developments in Mid-20th Century Psychology • Behaviorism • Study actions people take rather than “inferred” characteristics • Factor Analysis • Identifies statistical patterns in people’s behavior

  4. Behavioral Styles Perspective • Effective leadership is… • A certain pattern of behavior a leader exhibits to motivate others toward a common goal • Styles: stable patterns of behavior not stable behaviors

  5. Behavioral Styles Perspective • Ohio State Studies(Stogdill) • Leader Behavior Description Questionnaire (LDBQ) • Two Broad Dimensions of Behavior • Consideration • Initiating Structure

  6. Behavioral Styles Perspective • University of Michigan Studies (Likert) • Production-Centered • Define Tasks/Clarify roles (Take charge) • Set goals • Employee-Centered • Provide support • Build relationships

  7. The Managerial Grid(Blake & Mouton, 1964)

  8. The Managerial Grid(Blake & Mouton, 1964) • Impoverished (1,1) • Does only enough to preserve job; protects himself by not being noticed by others. • Country club (1,9) • Pays attention to the security and comfort of the employees • Creates friendly, but not necessarily productive atmosphere • Produce or perish (9,1) • Uses money, rules, punishments to achieve goals. • Middle-of-the-road (5,5) • Tries to balance company goals and workers' needs. • Team (9,9) • Encourages employee teamwork/commitment/involvement.

  9. Behavioral Styles Perspective • Do Styles Matter? (Misumi, 1985: 880 Japanese managers)? • Performance & maintenance: • 52% clear successes; 5% clear failures • Performance only: • 26% success; 17% failure • Maintenance only: • 16% success; 30% failure • Low performance & maintenance: • 6% success; 47% failure

  10. Behavioral Styles Perspective • What are the strengths and weaknesses of the behavioral styles perspective?

  11. Strengths and Weaknesses • Strengths • Major shift in leadership research • Broad range of studies on leadership style • Task and relationship behaviors • Weaknesses • No universal style of leadership • Implies that the most effective leadership style is High-High style

  12. Takeaway • Many leadership training and development programs are designed around the style approach • By assessing style, managers determine how others perceive them • Clearer to see how they could change their behaviors to be more effective

  13. Introduction to Leadership • Think about the people you identified as leaders; what is missing from the trait & behavioral perspectives?

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