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Creek

Analyze the events that led to the removal of Creeks and Cherokees; include the roles of Alexander McGillivray , William McIntosh , Sequoyah , John Ross, Dahlonega Gold Rush, Worcester v. Georgia, Andrew Jackson , John Marshall, and the Trail of Tears. Creek. Cherokee.

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Creek

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  1. Analyze the events that led to the removal of Creeks and Cherokees; include the roles of Alexander McGillivray, William McIntosh, Sequoyah, John Ross, Dahlonega Gold Rush, Worcester v. Georgia, Andrew Jackson, John Marshall, and the Trail of Tears. Creek Cherokee

  2. How did the Creeks of Georgia lose their land?

  3. The Oconee War Relationship between the Creeks and the settlers = NOT GOOD! Pioneers kept pushing into the Creeks’ land along the Oconee River

  4. The Oconee War Chief Alexander McGillivray sent warriors to attack the pioneer settlements Indians burned houses, stole horses and cattle, and killed or captured over 200 settlers. GA settlers were told to kill on sight any Creeks who were not members of friendly tribes

  5. President Washington Steps In • 1790 Washington met with Chief McGillivray - They signed the Treaty of New York which: • Creeks gave up all land east of the Oconee River • In return the US gov’t agreed: • No whites would go into land west of the boundary • They would help the Creeks start farms – giving them tools and farm animals

  6. President Washington Steps In Georgians were angered by this treaty – they felt that the fed gov’t sided with Creeks Neither side paid any attention to the treaty Governor Telfair was ready to go to war with Creeks Washington talked him out of it. “Peace” lasted from 1797 to 1812

  7. The Creek War • Tecumseh, a Shawnee leader, tried to united all Native Americans to fight for their land • Divided Creeks into two groups • Red Sticks – wanted war • White Sticks – wanted peace

  8. The Creek War • On August 30, 1,000 Red Sticks attacked Fort Mims killing about 400 settlers, including women and children. • General Andrew Jackson + 2,000 troops + White Stick Creeks + Cherokees = defeat of Red Stick Creeks. • Creeks surrendered to Jackson and gave up most of their land in GA

  9. The Murder of Chief William McIntosh http://www.gpb.org/georgiastories/story/story_of_chief_william_mcintosh Who was Chief McIntosh? Why did the settlers want Georgia soil? Why did he choose to sell the land? Why did other Creeks feel McIntosh had to die? How was McIntosh executed?

  10. Final Removal of the Creek 1830 Andrew Jackson signed into law the Indian Removal Act. When the Creeks refused to leave, Alabama took away all their rights and white settlers started pouring into their land.

  11. Final Removal of the Creek The Creek in GA began to starve Several stood in the streets of Columbus and begged for food. Smallpox broke out among the tribe in 1831 and many died.

  12. Final Removal of the Creek • In 1832, they signed the Treaty of Washington • Gave up 5 million acres of land in return for 2 million acres. • In return, US would protect Creek life and property from whites. • Creek could own land, but only after living on it for 5 years. • Then they could sell the land and move to western territory. • Once signed, the treaty was broken almost immediately. • Creek homes were burned, items were stolen from their farms, and NA were killed.

  13. Final Removal of the Creek • By 1835, some gave up and moved • Some lower Creeks attacked whites • US Army captured over 1,000 Creeks and took them to Indian Territory • During the next two years, a few Creeks escaped and a few were made slaves.

  14. What would you be willing to change to “fit in”? What have you seen others change about themselves to be more popular or “fit in”? NO NAMES!!

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