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The Cold War

The Cold War. World History – Unit 11. Day 1: Page 1: Germany After WWII. Next 7 days of class …. Agenda: Next 7 days… Germany after WWII map NATO vs. Warsaw Pact Notes. Day 1: Page 1: Germany After WWII. Day 1: Page 1: Germany After WWII. Day 1: Page 1: Germany after WWII.

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The Cold War

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  1. The Cold War World History – Unit 11

  2. Day 1: Page 1: Germany After WWII Next 7 days of class… Agenda: • Next 7 days… • Germany after WWII map • NATO vs. Warsaw Pact • Notes

  3. Day 1: Page 1: Germany After WWII

  4. Day 1: Page 1: Germany After WWII

  5. Day 1: Page 1: Germany after WWII • Two superpowers: United States and Eastern Europe • U.S. led the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) • Eastern Europe (specifically the Soviet Union – aka Russia) led the Warsaw Pact • “Line” of tension was drawn in Berlin, Germany called the Iron Curtain between the Democratic West and the Communist East

  6. Day 1: Page 1: Germany after WWII • Those in Communist Berlin were fleeing to democratic Germany • 1961 – the Berlin Wall was built (concrete barrier/wall topped with barbed wire and patrolled by guards)

  7. Berlin Wall THEN… NOW!

  8. Day 1: Page 1: Germany after WWII • Poland, Hungary, and Czechoslovakia also revolted against Soviet domination • Demonstrators could not stand against Soviet tanks • U.S. was the only country with nuclear weapons but by 1949, the Soviet Union also developed nuclear weapons • By 1953 BOTH countries had developed the hydrogen bomb (even more destructive than the atomic bomb!)

  9. Day 1: Page 1: Germany after WWII • The United States and Soviet Union engaged in a race to match one another in new weapons…called The Cold War • The result? A balance of terror because both sides know that the other side would launch their new weapons and destroy the other • The world and the American and Soviet people lived in constant fear

  10. Day 1: Page 1: Germany after WWII • The two sides met in disarmament talks although neither side completely trusted the other, some agreements were made • SALT – Strategic Arms Limitation Talks – limited the number of nuclear weapons (both sides agreed to this in 1972 and 1979) • U.S. President Reagan launched the “Stars Wars” which built a missile defense against nuclear attack • Led to the era of détente – relaxation of tensions during the 1970s (this era ended in 1979 when the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan)

  11. Day 1: Page 1: Germany after WWII Cold War goes global • Soviet Union was assisting other communist countries including China and Korea • The US reached out to countries including Pakistan, France, Australia, etc. • US set up military bases around the world unlike the Soviet Union • US feared that Communism would spread around the world

  12. Day 1: Page 1: Germany after WWII • Fidel Castro became dictator in Cuba in the 1950s • US tried to bring down the Communist regime in Cuba as it was “too close to home” • 1961- Bay of Pigs Invasion – Soviet Union sent nuclear weapons to Cuba • Pres. John F. Kennedy responded by imposing a naval blockade to prevent more Soviet shipments • Kennedy demanded that the Soviet Union remove its nuclear missiles (which were pointed at the US) • For a few days, the world faced a risk of nuclear war • Nikita Krushchev agreed to remove the Soviet missiles and war was avoided

  13. Day 2: Page 2: Cold War Agenda: • Notes • Dr. Seuss • Cold War Events in pairs Homework: Cold War Quiz tomorrow

  14. The Cold War

  15. What was it? • Why was it different than previous wars? • Who was involved? • Why did it last so long?

  16. What was it? • 50 years of tension between the United States and Soviet Union (Russia) • West vs. East (Iron Curtain) • A race to become the “biggest” and the “best” – Military, Espionage, Power, and Society. • For the US a war against Communism, for Russia (USSR) a war against Capitalism. • No fighting between Russia and the US – just indirect conflicts with the ideals of each side

  17. Why was it different than previous wars? • Lasted for 50 years • A war of ideals • Fighting was not in the battle fields between then two sides it was more of a philosophical battle field • Was TOTAL WAR like no other time in history.

  18. Who was involved? • West – US, Britain, France, West Berlin • East – Russia (USSR), East Berlin, Cuba • Africa, India, China, Japan were not significant • South East Asia was the “battle ground” and any country coming out of colonialism/imperialism

  19. Why did it last so long? • Constant build up and “Macho-ism” • World was becoming more militaristic and focused on outdoing each other • Both countries refused to make amends **** The game of chicken lasts until the chicken backs down**** RUSSIA BACKED DOWN

  20. Butter Battle Book – Dr. Seuss Part 1: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-qkqzdgL3wo Part 2: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CLLgBlygqP4

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