1. Dred Scott Decision • 1857 • Scott was a slave who sued for his freedom • Supreme Court heard the case and ruled • Scott was not a citizen, could not sue • No Af. Amer. were citizens free or slave • Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional • 5th Amendment protects property (slaves are property) WRAP read 21.7 finish last 3 columns with group

2. Lincoln-Douglas Debates • 1858 • Both campaigning for Illinois Senate seat • Held a series of debates (slavery was a main topic) • Lincoln took a stand against the spread of slavery • Lincoln lost this election, but made a name for himself and became a national figure • Allowed Lincoln to run for President in 1860

3. John Brown’s Raid • 1859 • John Brown was an abolitionist • Invaded federal armory in Harper’s Ferry, Va. • Hoped to arm slaves and start a rebellion • John Brown and his men were all killed or captured, no rebellion broke out • WRAP read 21.8 complete last 3 columns w/group

4. Election of Lincoln 1860 • Votes split by 4 candidates • Lincoln was not even on the ballot in most southern states • Lincoln won without a single southern vote • Made clear • South was a minority • South had no power to shape national policies or events

5. Secession • South Carolina votes to seceded Dec 20, 1860 (south has been pushed out of government) • 6 other states follow • The Confederate States of America are formed • The south would not be pushed into the corner

6. Fort Sumter • April 1861 • This union fort was in Confederate state of SC • Confederate troops from SC surrounded the fort and bombarded it for 33 hours before Union troops inside surrendered • Start of The Civil War • WRAP read 21.9 complete last 3 columns of foldable