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5. The Particle 了 (I)

5. The Particle 了 (I). Textbook p.137. 5. The Particle 了.

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5. The Particle 了 (I)

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  1. 5. The Particle 了 (I) Textbook p.137

  2. 5. The Particle 了 The dynamic particle 了signifies: 1) the occurrence or completion of an action or event, or 2) the emergence of a situation. The action, event, or situation usually pertains to the past, but sometimes it can refer to the future. Therefore 了is not a past tense marker, and the use of the should not be taken as an equivalent to the past tense in English. In this lesson, 了 indicates the occurrence or completion of an action or event. It is usually used after a verb. But sometimes it appears after a verb and the object of the verb in interrogative and declarative sentences.

  3. 5. The Particle 了 The dynamic particle 了signifies: 1) the occurrence or completion of an action or event, or 2) the emergence of a situation. The action, event, or situation usually pertains to the past, but sometimes it can refer to the future. Therefore 了is not a past tense marker, and the use of the should not be taken as an equivalent to the past tense in English. In this lesson, 了 indicates the occurrence or completion of an action or event. It is usually used after a verb. But sometimes it appears after a verb and the object of the verb in interrogative and declarative sentences.

  4. 5. The Word了… … is a minor function word that comparatively has little meaning; … expresses an action, activity, event or process. … indicates the occurrence or completion of an action or event, or … the beginning/change of a situation.

  5. When to use 了？ INSERTNOTHERE Don’t use 了 when describing general facts in the past： (昨天晚上) 他们一起聊天看电视。 Don’t use 了 with the “verbs” that are not physical actions: 喜欢，爱，觉得，想

  6. 5. The Word了… is NOT a past tense marker.

  7. Newspapers use lots of past tense verbs, …

  8. but you can hardly find 了 in Chinese newspaper.

  9. 了is not used in history books either.

  10. When to use 了？ Use了 to indicate the occurrence or completion of an event or action: 我昨天晚上看了一个美国电影。 我今天早上喝了两杯咖啡。

  11. Use了 to indicate the occurrence or completion of an event or action: 昨天晚上, 我去打球了。 “你吃饭了吗?” “我吃饭了。”

  12. Where to add了？ After the verbs 我昨天晚上看了一个美国电影。 我今天早上喝了两杯咖啡。

  13. Where to add了？ or after a “short” V.O compound: 昨天晚上, 我去 打球 了。 “你吃饭了吗?” “我 吃饭 了。”

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