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Biology—The Study of Life

Biology—The Study of Life. How have organisms “solved the problems” of living?. What is Life?. Which of these are living? Which are nonliving ? How can we tell? BRAINSTORM!. What is Life?. Which of these are living? Which are nonliving?. What is Life?.

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Biology—The Study of Life

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  1. Biology—The Study of Life How have organisms “solved the problems” of living?

  2. What is Life? • Which of these are living? Which are nonliving? • How can we tell? BRAINSTORM!

  3. What is Life? • Which of these are living? Which are nonliving?

  4. What is Life? • Which of these are living? Which are nonliving?

  5. What is Life? • Which of these are living? Which are nonliving?

  6. What is Life? • Which of these are living? Which are nonliving?

  7. How Do You Know? Are You Sure?

  8. How Do Scientists Know? Are They Sure? • All living things, “organisms”, share certain challenges or ‘problems of living’ that separate them from nonliving things. They may or may not be visible. • These “Characteristics of Life” are used to classify things as living or nonliving • Scientists recognize seven properties • Imagine what characteristics you share with a gecko!

  9. Seven Characteristics of Life MRS GREN

  10. Seven Properties of Life • Movement • Reproduction • Sensitivity • Growth &Development • Respiration • Excretion • Nutrition • How do organisms solve each of these ‘problems of living’ in order to stay alive?

  11. Movement • Many living things are observed moving, like this cheetah running • But you don’t see plants running around, so how do they move? • All living things move blood or fluids within the organism • There is movement in each individual cell- it’s called ‘cytoplasmic streaming’

  12. Reproduction • All living things can reproduce (sexually or asexually). Living things produce offspring, or more of their own kind, from one generation to the next • living things pass on traits to their offspring through genes. This is called heredity

  13. Sensitivity • All living things respond and adjust to the environment

  14. Growth & Development • All living things grow (becoming larger) and develop (change and become more complex) • living things can repair damaged parts • Extraordinary Animals In The Womb, National Geographic Watch frog development!

  15. Respiration • All life processes require energy • All living things carry out respiration to turn food into energy to run life processes • Occurs in all living things at a cellular level • Metabolism is the sum of all these chemical reactions in an organism

  16. EXCRETION • All living things have methods of getting rid of waste products

  17. NUTRITION • All living things have a continual need for food and nutrients

  18. Example Images • Match the image to one of the seven properties / characteristics of life and explain how it depicts this characteristic. GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT

  19. Example Images • Match the image to one of the seven properties / characteristics of life and explain how it depicts this characteristic. REPRODUCTION

  20. Example Images • Match the image to one of the seven properties / characteristics of life and explain how it depicts this characteristic. RESPIRATION

  21. Example Images • Match the image to one of the seven properties / characteristics of life and explain how it depicts this characteristic. SENSITIVITY

  22. Example Images • Match the image to one of the seven properties / characteristics of life and explain how it depicts this characteristic. MOVEMENT NUTRITION

  23. Example Images • Match the image to one of the seven properties / characteristics of life and explain how it depicts this characteristic. GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT

  24. Example Images • Match the image to one of the seven properties / characteristics of life and explain how it depicts this characteristic. MOVEMENT NUTRITION

  25. Example Images • Match the image to one of the seven properties / characteristics of life and explain how it depicts this characteristic. EXCRETION

  26. Example Images • Match the image to one of the seven properties / characteristics of life and explain how it depicts this characteristic. GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT

  27. Example Images • Match the image to one of the seven properties / characteristics of life and explain how it depicts this characteristic. REPRODUCTION

  28. Example Images • Match the image to one of the seven properties / characteristics of life and explain how it depicts this characteristic. NUTRITION

  29. Example Images • Match this image to one of the seven properties / characteristics of life and explain how it depicts this characteristic.

  30. Homeostasis • All living things maintain a constant internal environment in order to function properly • Organisms respond to changes in their external environment, and their internal processes adjust accordingly

  31. Model Image and Caption • This picture of a woman sweatingafter exercise and drinking water to replace the water she lostillustrateshomeostasis— the maintenance of constant internal state in a changing environment. As the woman exercised in the hot sun her body temperature rose above its normal state so she began to perspire in order to lower her body temperature back to its ‘normal resting state’. Likewise she lost water as she sweated, so she drinks water to rehydrate (regain her fluid balance) and replace the water she lost when perspiring. (image URL: http://www…)

  32. Other Characteristics:Death and Complexity • Death—All living things cease to live when internal or external conditions become unfavorable for life • Complexity—Most living things show system organization, interrelationship, and maintenance

  33. Heredity • All living things pass on traits to their offspring through genes that are passed from parent to offspring each generation

  34. Cellular Organization • All living things are composed of one or more cell • Highly organized, tiny structures with thin coverings called membranes • Smallest unit capable of all life functions • Simple to complex cells with common basic structure • Unicellular and multicellular • Cell Theory: • Cells are the smallest unit capable of having life • All living things have cells • All cells come from previous cells

  35. Extension • Origins of Life? • Synthetic Life? • Virus…living or nonliving? • Life without death?

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