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Cells and Tissues

Explore the fundamental units of life, from cell size limitations to the intricate processes of passive and active transport across membranes. Learn about the functions and types of epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissues in the body's organ systems. Discover how cells communicate and work together to form complex structures essential for life.

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Cells and Tissues

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  1. Cells and Tissues

  2. The Smallest Unit of Life

  3. Animal Cell

  4. Size of Bacteria Limited by: • Rate of Diffusion • Molecules must move to ‘find’ where they are suppose to be. In a crowded environment, this might take a while unless the space is small. • Surface Area • Smaller cells have relatively large ‘surface to volume’ ration—more surface area for the volume inside. This helps with entry of nutrients and removal of waste, as both have to cross the ‘surface’. More area to cross (per volume)=better.

  5. polar

  6. “Self-Sealing”

  7. Passive Transport Molecules move from where they are most abundant (high concentration) to where they are sparse (low concentration).

  8. Active Transport

  9. Endocytosis (stuff from out  in Exocytosis (stuff from in  out Phagocytosis (BIG stuff from out  in)

  10. Movement Across Cell Membranes • Passive Transport (No Energy; From Hi Low) • Simple Diffusion • Facilitated Diffusion (Requires Channel or Carrier) • Active Transport (Energy; Low Hi) • Bulk Transport • Pinocytosis • Endocytosis • Phagocytosis • Exocytosis

  11. Epithelial Tissues Functions = Barrier & Secretion

  12. Connective Tissues Functions = Structure & Support (& ‘nutrition’)

  13. Muscle Tissues Functions = Contraction & Movement

  14. Nervous Tissues Function = Communication

  15. Tissues: • Cells generally stick to each other (cell junctions) • Cells generally stick to a ‘ground’ (extracellular matrix junctions) • Cells generally communicate with each other

  16. Cell Junctions

  17. Tissues Organs Organ Systems

  18. Organ Systems

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