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Earth and Space Science Bellringers

Earth and Space Science Bellringers. Stephanie Dial 2013-2014. General Information . Use a composition notebook Have 2 colors of ink or a highlighter Write the question and the answer Include the date and the number for each bellringer

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Earth and Space Science Bellringers

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  1. Earth and Space ScienceBellringers Stephanie Dial 2013-2014

  2. General Information • Use a composition notebook • Have 2 colors of ink or a highlighter • Write the question and the answer • Include the date and the number for each bellringer • Bellringers will be collected each quarter and at the end of the year

  3. Day 1 – Aug 21 • What is earth science? • Why is it important that we study it?

  4. Day 2 – Aug 22 • Define the following: • Theory • Independent variable • Dependent variable • Scientific law

  5. Day 2 • Define the following: • Theory – widely accepted explanation of a phenomenon • Independent variable – factor that is manipulated in an experiment • Dependent variable – factor in an experiment that changes as a result of other factors changing • Scientific law – general statement that explains how the natural world behaves under certain conditions, for which no exceptions have been found

  6. Day 3 – Aug 23 • What 17th century advances in technology helped advance scientific research? • What Earth processes do scientists study to try to help save lives? • What are the components of the scientific method? • Make a concept map using the following words: • Earth science, geology, meteorology, climate, environmental science, astronomy, and oceanography

  7. Day 3 • What 17th century advances in technology helped advance scientific research? The invention of the microscope and telescope • What Earth processes do scientists study to try to help save lives? Volcanoes and earthquakes • What are the components of the scientific method? Make observations, ask a question, form a hypothesis, test the hypothesis/experiment, draw conclusions, share information • Make a concept map using the following words: • Earth science, geology, meteorology, climate, environmental science, astronomy, and oceanography

  8. Day 4 – Aug 26 • Define scientific law • Rocks and minerals were catalogued around 200 BCE by the ________. • Earth scientists help us better understand the world around us by studying how ______ _______ shape our environment. • ______ _______ assume that the causes of natural events or phenomena can be determined by careful observation and experimentation. • Earth scientists help us better understand the ______ by studying how natural forces shape our _________.

  9. Day 4 • Define scientific law – general statement that explains how the natural world behaves under certain conditions • Rocks and minerals were catalogued around 200 BCE by the ________. Greeks • Earth scientists help us better understand the world around us by studying how ______ _______ shape our environment. Natural forces • ______ _______ assume that the causes of natural events or phenomena can be determined by careful observation and experimentation. Earth scientists • Earth scientists help us better understand the ______ by studying how natural forces shape our _________. World; environment

  10. Day 5 – Aug 29 • List 4 features of the Earth • True or false: the Earth is the shape of a perfect sphere. • True or false: the force of gravity on Earth’s surface is greater at the poles than the equator. • True or false: Earth’s core consists of two regions, one liquid and one solid.

  11. Day 5 • List 4 features of the Earth atmosphere, water, oceans that cover most of the surface, extensive plant and animal life, ice caps, tropical rain forests, deserts, geological activity (volcanoes and earthquakes), mountain ranges, and glaciers • True or false: the Earth is the shape of a perfect sphere. FALSE • True or false: the force of gravity on Earth’s surface is greater at the poles than the equator. TRUE • True or false: Earth’s core consists of two regions, one liquid and one solid. TRUE

  12. Day 6 – Aug 30 • How are energy and matter added and removed from the Earth system? • What do these root words mean: atmos, hydro, geo, bio? • What is an energy budget? • Read page 36. Identify two nitrogen reservoirs on Earth.

  13. Day 6 • How are energy and matter added and removed from the Earth system? Energy is added by sunlight and from Earth’s interior, and is removed by radiation into space. Matter is added when meteorites collide with Earth and is removed when spacecraft are launched and by the steady loss of gases into space. • What do these root words mean: atmos, hydro, geo, bio? Air, water, earth, and life • What is an energy budget? the total distribution of energy to, from, and between Earth’s various spheres • Read page 36. Identify two nitrogen reservoirs on Earth. Soil and plants

  14. Day 7 – Sept 4 • Define ecosystem. • Identify 3 factors that control the balance of an ecosystem. • Explain the relationship between carrying capacity and the amount of matter and energy in an ecosystem. • Compare a food chain to a food web.

  15. Day 7 • Define ecosystem. A community of organisms and the environment that the organisms inhabit • Identify 3 factors that control the balance of an ecosystem. How matter and energy cycle through an ecosystem, how ecosystems respond to change, and how organisms in the ecosystem interact • Explain the relationship between carrying capacity and the amount of matter and energy in an ecosystem. The amount of matter and energy in an ecosystem can supply a population of a given size, and no larger. This maximum population is the carrying capacity of the ecosystem • Compare a food chain to a food web. Food chain – sequence in which an organism is consumed by another. Food web- several organisms feed upon one type of organism, which consumed by still other organisms that compete with each other, producing a more complex pattern of consumption.

  16. Day 8 – Sept 6 • How does an ecosystem typically react to changes? • What are the 3 kinds of organisms in an ecosystem? • Examine the food web on page 41. Which organism has all arrows pointing away from it? What does that mean? Which organism has arrows pointing towards it? What does that mean?

  17. Day 8 • How does an ecosystem typically react to changes? Responds to restore and maintain balance • What are the 3 kinds of organisms in an ecosystem? Producer, consumer, decomposer • Examine the food web on page 41. Which organism has all arrows pointing away from it? Algae What does that mean? They are producers and a basic source of energy for the food web Which organism has arrows pointing towards it? Killer whale What does that mean? It is a consumer that eats more than one type of organism, it is a top consumer

  18. Day 9 – Sept 11 • Ch 3 section 1 vocab • Parallel • Latitude • Meridian • Longitude • Ch 3 section 2 vocab • Remote sensing • Map projection • Legend • Scale • Isogram

  19. Day 10 – Sept 13 • Ch 3 section 3 vocab • Topography • Elevation • Contour line • Relief

  20. Day 11 – Sept 18 • Explain how elevation is shown on a topographic map. • Identify two primary uses of soil maps. • Make a concept map using the following terms: topographic map, elevation, mean sea level, contour interval, contour line, index contour.

  21. Day 11 • Explain how elevation is shown on a topographic map. Contour lines connect points that have the same elevation • Identify two primary uses of soil maps. To plan future land development and to determine ways to conserve and use soil • Make a concept map using the following terms: topographic map, elevation, mean sea level, contour interval, contour line, index contour.

  22. Day • What is wrong with the following location: 135o N, 185oE? • As you move from Point A to Point B in the Northern Hemisphere, the length of a degree of longitude progressively decreases. In which direction are you moving? • The shortest distance between any 2 points on the globe is along a ____________. • What is the difference between index contour and contour interval?

  23. Day • What is wrong with the following location: 135o N, 185oE? Latitude values can not be greater than 90o • As you move from Point A to Point B in the Northern Hemisphere, the length of a degree of longitude progressively decreases. In which direction are you moving? If the distance is decreasing on longitude then you must be moving toward the North Pole • The shortest distance between any 2 points on the globe is along a _great circle_. • What is the difference between index contour and contour interval? Use definitions

  24. Day 12 – Sept 23 • Ch 22 sec 1 vocab • Atmosphere • Ozone • Atmospheric pressure • Troposphere • Stratosphere • Mesosphere • Thermosphere

  25. Day 13 – Sept 25 • Ch 22 sec 2 vocab • Electromagnetic spectrum • Albedo • Greenhouse effect • Conduction • Convection

  26. Day 14 – Sept 27 • Ch 22 section 3 • Coriolis effect • Trade winds • Westerlies • Polar Easterlies • Jet stream

  27. Day 15 – Oct 1 • What are auroras? • What layer of Earth blends into space? • What may happen to Earth’s climate if the amount of carbon dioxide in the air continues to increase?

  28. Day 15 • What are auroras? Interactions between solar radiation and the ionosphere creating displays of light in the night sky • What layer of Earth blends into space? The exosphere • What may happen to Earth’s climate if the amount of carbon dioxide in the air continues to increase? The greenhouse effect may intensify and the average annual temperature of most areas will be warmer

  29. Day 16 – Oct 2 • What are the doldrums? • What is a convection cell? • What is a breeze?

  30. Day 16 • What are the doldrums? Narrow band of weak winds found near the equator • What is a convection cell? 3 looping patterns of air that blow from pole to pole • What is a breeze? Gentle winds that extend less than 100 km

  31. Day 17 – Oct 3 • List the 3 elemental gases that compose the atmosphere. • How does latitude affect the temperature of a region? • Name and describe the 3 main wind belts in both hemispheres.

  32. Day 17 • List the 3 elemental gases that compose the atmosphere. Nitrogen, oxygen, argon • How does latitude affect the temperature of a region? Earth is a sphere and if the angle of the sunlight is less than 90o then the intensity of the light is lower and the temps are lower • Name and describe the 3 main wind belts in both hemispheres. Trade winds – from 0o to 30o latitude and blow from E to W, westerlies – from W to E and from 30o to 60o latitude, polar easterlies – from 600 to 90o and they blow from E to W

  33. 2nd Quarter Review of General Information • Use a composition notebook • Have 2 colors of ink or a highlighter • Write the question and the answer • Include the date and the number for each bellringer • Expect Bellringers to be collected each quarter and at the end of the year

  34. Day 18 – Oct 21 • Define the following terms: • Latent heat • Sublimation • Dew point • Absolute humidity • Relative humidity

  35. Day 19 – Oct 22 • Define the following terms: • Condensation nucleus • Adiabatic cooling • Advective cooling • Coalescence • Supercooling • Cloud seeding

  36. Day 20 – Oct 24 • How is thermal energy involved in the evaporation of water? • What happens to water in the air when the rate of condensation exceeds the rate of evaporation? • What forms when water vapor changes directly into a solid?

  37. Day 21 – Oct 28 • Why are condensation nuclei necessary for cloud formation? • How is advective cooling involved in cloud and fog formation? • How is precipitation by supercooling similar to the formation of clouds?

  38. Day 22 – Oct 31 • Define the following: • Air mass • Cold front • Warm front • Stationary front • Occluded front

  39. Day 23 – Nov 4 • What determines the distinct characteristics of an air mass? • What type of air mass forms over the Gulf of Mexico and the warm waters of the Atlantic Ocean in summer? What weather does it bring? • What type of air mass develops over the North Pacific Ocean? How might the character of this air mass change as it moves inland over the central United States?

  40. Day 24 – Nov 12 • Define the following in Ch 25: • Specific heat • El Nino • Monsoon

  41. Day 25 – Nov 13 • Define the following in Ch 25: • Tropical climate • Middle-latitude climate (AKA Temperate) • Polar climate • Microclimate

  42. Day 26 – Nov 14 • Define the following terms from Ch 25: • Climatologist • Global warming

  43. Day 27 – Nov 20 • Define the following terms from Ch 10: • Continental drift • Mid-ocean ridge • Sea-floor spreading • Paleomagnetism

  44. Day 28 – Nov 21 • Define from Ch 10 : • Divergent boundary • Convergent boundary • Transform boundary

  45. Day 29 – Dec 3 • Ch 10 Vocab • Rifting • Terrane • Supercontinent cycle

  46. Day 30 – Dec 6 • Define the following from Ch 12 : • Elastic rebound • Focus • Epicenter • Body wave • Surface wave • Shadow zone • Fault zone

  47. Day 31 – Dec 9 • Define the following from Ch 12 : • Seismograph • Seismogram • Magnitude • Intensity • Tsunami • Seismic gap

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