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Sectors of Canada’s Economy

Sectors of Canada’s Economy. CGC1D. Four Categories of the Economy. Primary -resource extraction (mining, fishing…) Secondary – manufacturing and construction (steel-making, auto assembly…) Tertiary – services (school, hairdresser…)

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Sectors of Canada’s Economy

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  1. Sectors of Canada’s Economy CGC1D

  2. Four Categories of the Economy • Primary -resource extraction (mining, fishing…) • Secondary – manufacturing and construction (steel-making, auto assembly…) • Tertiary – services (school, hairdresser…) • Quaternary – knowledge-based (scientific research, movie-making)

  3. Basic vs Non-Basic Industry • Basic – products/services that bring $ from outside of the community (hotel) • Non-Basic – brings $ from within the community (grocery store)

  4. Economic Base • Individual communities • Regions • Provinces • Countries

  5. Fishing

  6. Renewable Resources • Resources that replaces itself unless poorly managed • Commercial fishing – east coast, west coast, large freshwater lakes • Three types of fish: • Groundfish (bottom feeders – cod, sole) • Pelagic fish (open-water feeders –salmon, tuna) • Shellfish (oysters, shrimp)

  7. The East Coast Fishery Crisis • Used to be one of the world’s great fishing grounds. • Wide continental shelf and banks • Map Pg. 281 (Fig. 23-5) • 1980’s – fish populations went down rapidly mostly from over-fishing • Number of fish being harvested outnumbered those reaching maturity in a year (sustained yield management)

  8. Collapse Factors • Overfishing • Improved Fishing Technology – help locate school of fish faster, new netting to catch more fish • Uncontrolled Foreign Fishing • Destructive Fishing Practices – trawling = attempt to catch one kind of fish while other types were thrown away • Changes in Natural Conditions – water temp has dropped and salinity has fluctuated, more predators (seals)

  9. The Partial Collapse of the West Coast Fishery • Salmon (coho, chum, pink, spring, sockeye), herring, halibut, cod, crab, tuna, shrimp, oysters. • Warned by the outcome of the East Coast fishery experience • Overfishing • Changes in the Environment – climate change/warmer water • Lack of Salmon Fishing Treaty – Canada vs USA

  10. Challenges to the West Coast Fishery • First nations – demand for salmon growing (food and ceremonial purposes) • Sport Fishing – bigger economic benefit • Commercial Fishing

  11. Freshwater Fishery • Great Lakes, Lake Winnipeg, Great Slave Lake… • Whitefish, perch, pickerel, trout • Sport fishing more important than commercial fishing

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