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Join economist Jason Schenker at the ISRI Annual Convention in Las Vegas on April 5, 2006, for a comprehensive analysis of the nickel market's outlook. This presentation will cover pivotal topics such as supply and demand dynamics, U.S. and global growth trends, the impact of high energy prices, and the influence of the U.S. dollar. Discover critical insights about nickel consumption, hybrid vehicle production, and industry expectations amidst evolving energy prices. Understand the factors shaping the future of nickel and its economic implications.
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Economic Nickel Outlook ISRI Annual Convention Las Vegas - April 5, 2006 Jason Schenker Economist 704.383.3695 jason.schenker@wachovia.com
Supply, Demand and Other Factors • U.S. Growth • Chinese and Non-OECD Growth • High Energy Prices • The Impact of The Dollar
Imports By Country Gasoline
By Country Gasoline Source: USGS
U.S. Nickel By The Numbers • Global Consumption of Nickel in 2005: 1.5 million metric tons • U.S. Consumption of Nickel in 2005: 221,000 metric tons • U.S. Consumption as Percent of Global: 14.7 percent • Recovered U.S. Nickel Scrap in 2005: 85,200 metric tons • Percent of 2005 Consumption: 39 percent Source: USGS
GDP Gasoline
GDP Gasoline
Nickel Demand Sectors • U.S. Oil Rig Reconstruction • Aircraft Construction (Dreamliner and Airbus Engines) • Retail Boat Sales • Stainless Steel Consumer Goods
E.U. GDP Gasoline
Chinese GDP Gasoline
A Bold Statement: Toyota At Frankfurt • Estimated Nickel Per Hybrid Battery: 150 lbs. • Number of Vehicles Toyota Made in 2005: 6.2 million • Pounds per Metric Ton: 2204.6 lbs. • Total Nickel in Metric Tons to Do the Job: 422,000 • Percent of 2005 Cathode Production: 28%
Auto and Hybrid Expectations • Sale Prognosis: • Gradual Sale Growth • Secular Turn From SUVs • From Big Three to Medium Six or Seven • Hybrid Outlook: • Secular Turn From SUVs Levels Off • Hydrogen is Decades Out • Ethanol is Still Pricey vs. Gasoline • Increased Industrial and Military Interest • Hybrids Can’t Do it Alone!
Energy Trends and Expectations • Growth Outlook: • Crude Price Band $55-$65 likely for the rest of 2006 • Demand is Robust • Supply Outlook: • Crude Markets Are Well-Supplied • Apparent Balance Between Supply, Demand and Disruption Fears • Risks for Nickel Production: • Diesel Regulations Changing – Upward Price Risks For Mining • Natural Gas Prices Q3 and Q4 Still Supported By Weather Risks
Nickel Price Outlook • Growth Outlook: • Continued Strong U.S. and Global Growth • Rebuilding of Oil Rigs, Aircraft, Boats and Other Consumer Goods • Energy Outlook: • Prices Moderating, But High • Risks to Consumer Energy Prices • High Prices Likely to Engender Further Interest in Hybrids • Dollar Correlation: • Statistically Significant • Commodity-Currency Arbitrage Makes Sense • Since End of Last Recession: Over 83% of Variation • No Domestic Mine Production • Price Expectations: • Despite Oncoming Supplies, Price Risks Upside