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JOINT OPERATIONS

JOINT OPERATIONS. Bottom Line on Joint Operations. The USAF doesn’t operate alone. It takes all military services working together to successfully execute & win America’s wars. Failed Hostage Rescue Video. Overview. The World Situation Define Joint Operations History of Joint Warfare

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JOINT OPERATIONS

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  1. JOINT OPERATIONS

  2. Bottom Line on Joint Operations The USAF doesn’t operate alone. It takes all military services working together to successfully execute & win America’s wars

  3. Failed Hostage Rescue Video

  4. Overview • The World Situation • Define Joint Operations • History of Joint Warfare • Joint Doctrine • Range of Operations • Types of Joint Operations • Joint Warfare Values

  5. World Situation • Regional instability • WMD proliferation • Transnational threats: ethnic/economic/health/crime • Military operations tempo • Force structure • Defense budget

  6. History of Joint Operations • Joint Warfare • Joint Doctrine

  7. Joint Warfare Lafayette Lord Cornwallis Washington • 1781: Battle of Yorktown • French Naval Blockade • American Ground Forces

  8. Joint Warfare • 1863: Battle of Vicksburg • Control of the Mississippi River • Teamwork: Navy, Marine, and Army Assault • 45 Day Siege

  9. Joint Warfare • 1944: Operation Overlord • Air Superiority • Sea Superiority • Special Operations

  10. Joint Warfare • Operation Overlord (cont’d) • Leadership • Eisenhower • Complete autonomy • 6,000 ships, 13,000 aircraft, 250,000 personnel from all branches • Von Runstedt • No autonomy • No control over armor, air defense, or coastal artillery No Synergy

  11. Joint Warfare • Desert Storm • Principles of War • Included air, land, sea forces

  12. Joint Warfare “You may fly over a land forever; you may bomb it, atomize it, pulverize it and wipe it clean of life—but if you desire to defend it, protect it, and keep it for civilization, you must do this on the ground, the way the Roman legions did, by putting your young men into the mud.” ~ T. R. Fehrenbach, This Kind of War

  13. Joint Warfare • Afghanistan—ENDURING FREEDOM • A new kind of warfare—Network-centric • US Special Forces “composite” teams

  14. Joint Doctrine • National Security Act of 1947—Created: • Department of Defense • Secretary of Defense • Joint Chiefs of Staff • Unified & Specified Commands • National Security Council • Central Intelligence Agency

  15. Joint Doctrine • Reorganization Act of 1958 • Defined the chain of command from the President to the services • President>SecDef>Unified CC>Component CC • Unified Commands increased their operational control (OPCON) of resources

  16. Joint Doctrine • Goldwater-Nichols Reorganization Act of 1986 • Strengthened role of Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (CJCS) • CJCS became principal military advisor to the President and SecDef • Mandated Doctrine • Provides a common perspective from which to plan and operate • Shapes the way we think and train for war • Not a checklist that will guarantee military victory

  17. Joint Doctrine • Goldwater-Nichols Act (cont’d) • Required officers to serve in a joint billet before promotion to flag rank • Two separate branches in the military chain of command • Operational • Administrative

  18. Joint Organization President Secretary of Defense Unified Combatant Commander Components Administrative Operational CJCS* Military Departments Forces (not assigned to Combatant Commander) *CJCS has no operational control

  19. Joint Doctrine • Goldwater-Nichols Act (cont’d) • Operational • Unified combatant commander in charge of all services/components • Component commanders responsible for their piece • Sometimes difficult to determine which service to use at a particular time and place

  20. Joint Doctrine • Goldwater-Nichols Act (cont’d) • Administrative • Military departments responsible for all personnel within their service not assigned to the combatant commander • Separate and distinct from the branch that contains the operational command

  21. Operational Branch Simple Chain President President Secretary of Defense Secretary of Defense Unified Commander/Joint Forces Commander Unified Commander Army Navy Air Force Special Operations Land Maritime Air Special Ops

  22. The Joint Campaign • Objective • Usually set by the President and Secretary of Defense • Unified Combatant Commander decides best way to accomplish objective

  23. The Joint Campaign • Military Strengths • Each service brings unique strengths and weaknesses to the joint environment

  24. Navy Conducts prompt and sustained operations at and from the sea

  25. Marine Corps Conducts amphibious landings and ground operations

  26. Army Conducts prompt and sustained land combat operations

  27. Air Force Uses air and space power to exploit the aerospace environment

  28. Joint Campaign • The difficult task is determining which service to use at a particular time and place because each service brings unique strengths and weaknesses to the joint environment. 

  29. Joint Campaign • Joint Shopping List • Strategic Strike Capability • Air Force > Navy > Army and Marine Corps* • Guerrilla/Urban Warfare • Army > Marine Corps > Air Force and Navy* • Forced Entry • Marine Corps > Army > Air Force and Navy* • Control Ground • Army > Marine Corps > Navy and Air Force* * Services listed from most likely to least likely

  30. How We Fight Video

  31. Blackhawk Down

  32. Range of Military Operations Military Engagement, Security Cooperation, and Deterrence Crisis Response and Contingency Operations Scale of Operations • Major Operations and Campaigns

  33. Natural Part of War Crisis response/Engagement/Major operation/Deterrence/Contingency Escalation De-Escalation Northern and Southern Watch Desert Shield TIME

  34. Types of Operations • Arms Control and Disarmament • Combating Terrorism • Counterdrug Operations • Enforcement of Sanctions • Freedom of Navigation

  35. Types of Operations (cont’d) • Nation Assistance • Protection of Shipping • Show of Force • Support to Insurgency • Noncombat Evacuation Operation

  36. Types of Operations (cont’d) • Peace Operations • Foreign Humanitarian Assistance • Recovery Operations • Consequence Management • Strikes and Raids

  37. Types of Operations (cont’d) • Support to Homeland Security • Major Combat Operations • Offensive • Defensive • Stability

  38. Joint Force Values • Integrity • Say what you mean &do what you say • Competence • Those you lead deserve no less • Physical Courage • You never know when… • Moral Courage • Always do what is right • Teamwork • Essential to Joint Operations

  39. Summary • The World Situation • Define Joint Operations • History of Joint Warfare • Joint Doctrine • Range of Operations • Types of Joint Operations • Joint Warfare Values

  40. Tomorrow… DAGESTAN KOSOVO AFGHANISTAN WEST BANK CHINA HURRICANE RELIEF ALGERIA PAKISTAN TAIWAN INDIA YEMEN LIBERIA ERITHEA VENEZUELA SRI LANKA NIGERIA COLOMBIA SUDAN EAST TIMOR ECUADOR ZIMBABWE Where will you be?

  41. Questions?

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