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How the form and function of DNA relate.

How the form and function of DNA relate. Before knowledge of DNA, how did we explain how traits are passed on from parent to offspring?. a lesson in progress…. Frederick Griffith (British, 1928): Wanted to find out how/why certain bacteria make you sick. What was Griffith’s grand conclusion?.

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How the form and function of DNA relate.

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  1. How the form and function of DNA relate.

  2. Before knowledge of DNA, how did we explain how traits are passed on from parent to offspring?

  3. a lesson in progress… • Frederick Griffith (British, 1928): • Wanted to find out how/why certain bacteria make you sick

  4. What was Griffith’s grand conclusion? • Griffith performed what he called transformation, a term still used today

  5. Step 2… • Oswald Avery(1944, Canadian) used enzymes to break down the primary components (lipids, nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates) of the bacteria cells in Griffith’s experiment to determine which component was exchanging information. • Results: Griffith’s process did not work when Avery used enzymes to breakdown the nucleic acid of the deadly bacteria

  6. Hershey–Chase experiment: a verification of Avery Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase (American, 1952) • Conclusion?

  7. Rosalind Franklin (50’s British) and the first image of DNA • Used x-ray diffraction to get this image • What hints about the structure can be gained from this?

  8. Chargaff’s Rules and the first insight into how DNA works • American biochemist Erwin Chargaff isolated molecules from DNA in the following proportions: • Conclusion? • http://www.dnalc.org/resources/3d/21-chargaff-ratios.html

  9. The grand conclusion • James Watson (British physicist) and Francis Crick (American biologist) 1953: • DNA is a….DOUBLE HELIX

  10. A closer look

  11. DNA’s specifications • Width: 2 nanometer (nm), or 2 billionths of a meter • Length (per cell): 1 m • How does it all fit in one cell? • How much total length of DNA in one human? • How far is that?

  12. Where does DNA live? • Click on the following link for a “journey into DNA.” • http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/genome/dna.html#

  13. List the ways form and function fulfilled. • Watch the replication of DNA: • http://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive/dna/animations.html(technical) • http://www.teachersdomain.org/asset/tdc02_vid_dnaanimation/ • http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/tryit/dna/shockwave.html(replication workshop, Shockwave activity) • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OnuspQG0Jd0&safe=active(technical, but good)

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