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MUSCLE STRUCTURE AND PHYSIOLOGY J. Rosenbluth, April 2009

This article provides a comprehensive overview of the structure and physiology of muscle, including skeletal, cardiac, obliquely striated, and smooth muscles. It discusses topics such as the sliding filament model, muscle band patterns, excitation-contraction coupling, and various muscle pathologies.

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MUSCLE STRUCTURE AND PHYSIOLOGY J. Rosenbluth, April 2009

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  1. MUSCLE STRUCTURE AND PHYSIOLOGY J. Rosenbluth, April 2009

  2. MUSCLE • Skeletal muscle • Contraction mechanism • Excitation-contraction coupling • Gross properties of skeletal muscle • Cardiac, obliquely striated and smooth muscles • Pathology/Clinical examples

  3. Skeletal muscle band pattern

  4. Double “antiparallel” array of myofilamnts (H.E.Huxley)

  5. Sliding filament model

  6. Myosin molecules

  7. Myosin filament formation

  8. Low-angle X-ray diffraction of skeletal muscle (meridional pattern)

  9. Actin double helix

  10. Decorated F-actin

  11. Decorated F-actin attached to Z-disc

  12. Double hexagonal array (vertebrate skeletal muscle)

  13. Low-angle X-ray diffraction of skeletal muscle (equatorial pattern)

  14. Crossbridge position during relaxation (top) vs contraction (bottom)

  15. Attached Released Cocked Force generating Attached Cross-bridge Cycle

  16. Focal contraction (amphibian skeletal muscle)

  17. Triads (amphibian)

  18. Skeletal muscle triad (amphibian)

  19. Triad model(Franzini-Armstrong, C.)

  20. Actin filament with Tr and Tm

  21. Tropomyosin movement

  22. Pennate Muscles

  23. Length-Tension Relationship

  24. Load-Velocity Relationship

  25. Twitch vs Tetanic Tension

  26. Cat Gastrocmenius

  27. Muscles Have Heterogenous Properties Twitch Contractions

  28. Skeletal Muscle Fatigue

  29. Cardiac muscle

  30. Obliquely striated muscle (Ascaris), stretched

  31. Ascaris obliquely striated muscle

  32. Smooth muscle (“Myoelastic tissue”)

  33. Smooth muscle (cross section)

  34. Smooth muscle (Science 148:1337-1339)

  35. Smooth muscle

  36. ABRM

  37. ABRM

  38. “Pseudohypertrophy” (Duchenne dystrophy)

  39. Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease

  40. Spinal muscular atrophy

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