Brainstorm

1. Brainstorm • Think about your needs. • What are your basic needs? • What are your other desires or luxuries?

2. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs • Compare with the list you have developed... • Where do your needs fall?

3. Situation #1 • A wild animal got into your house. How do you react?

4. Situation #2 • You haven’t eaten in three days, and you have no expectation of a food source in the near future. How would your reaction to the previous situation change?

5. Schools and Students • Schools have systems in place to deal with your needs: • Food – free lunch • Heating/cooling • School nurse • Counselor – to deal with emotional needs  Without these systems to deal with basic needs, education would not be able to take place effectively

6. The Glass Analogy • “Life is like a glass of water. You have to fill it from the bottom up.” • Think of your basic needs as the bottom of the water • In order to get to the high levels (peace, learning, etc), the bottom must be filled first.

7. The Fall of Rome • After the fall of the Roman Empire, the glass was almost empty and people’s needs were not being met. • Today we will be learning about how people tried to fill up their glasses during the middle ages!

8. The Middle Ages in Europe

9. The Impact of the Fall of Rome How were the Middle Ages different than the Roman Empire?

10. Safety Roman Empire Middle Ages Well before the fall of Rome, Invaders, such as the Vandals, Huns and Muslims, kept western Europe in a near constant state of war. People during the Middle Ages were in constant fear for their safety. • During the Roman Empire, the Roman army kept the citizens relatively safe.

11. Freedom Roman Empire Middle Ages After the fall of the Roman Empire, people gave up their freedom and rights in exchange for protection. • In the Roman Empire, all citizens were given certain rights. Freedom Protection

12. Urban vs. Rural Roman Empire Middle Ages After the Roman Empire falls, there is a shift to a rural population as Roman citizens abandoned destroyed cities. • In the Roman Empire, urban areas (cities) were economic, political, and social centers.

13. Trade and Money Roman Empire Middle Ages After the fall of Rome, trade is disrupted because of lack of security. This leads to the collapse of businesses and destruction of economic centers. Money also becomes scarce so people start to use a barter system. • During the Roman Empire, there was trade throughout the vast lands controlled by Rome, and money was used to buy goods.

14. Government Roman Empire Middle Ages After the Roman Empire falls, justice is based on unwritten laws and traditions. • During the Roman Empire, there was loyalty to the public government (the Emperor) and the written laws.

15. Learning and Language Roman Empire Middle Ages After the fall of the Roman Empire, there was a decline of learning since Germanic invaders could not read or write. There was also a loss of a common language as Latin changes and different dialects develop. • During the Roman Empire, there was a high level of learning. • Latin was the common language of the empire.

16. Feudalism

17. Classroom Talk • What need would the nobles and king have for so much food and materials? • What do you think life was like for the serfs? • What choice did the serfs have? • Why do you think this system, feudalism, worked?

18. Reciprocity in Feudalism LORDS GIVE SERVICE TO GIVE PROTECTION TO VASSALS

19. In the M&M’s activity... • Serfs: Which group acted as your lords? Who did you give service to? What did you give to them? • Knights: Which group acted as your lords? What did you give to them? • Nobles: Which group acted as your vassals? What did you provide to this group? • Knights: Which group acted as your vassals? What did you provide to this group?

20. THE PYRAMID OF POWER IN FEUDALISM SERFS AND PEASANTS

21. THE PYRAMID OF POWER IN FEUDALISM KNIGHTS LABOR PROTECTION SERFS AND PEASANTS

22. THE PYRAMID OF POWER IN FEUDALISM NOBLES LOYALTY AND MILITARY SERVICE LAND AND PROTECTION KNIGHTS LABOR PROTECTION SERFS AND PEASANTS

23. THE PYRAMID OF POWER IN FEUDALISM KING LOYALTY AND SERVICE LAND NOBLES LAND AND PROTECTION LOYALTY AND MILITARY SERVICE KNIGHTS PROTECTION LABOR SERFS AND PEASANTS

24. Practice • Everyone owed loyalty to the ________ • _______ were really the most powerful. They got _______ from the king. • Knights gave _________ _________ in return for land. • _______ were bound to the land. They worked and farmed in return for ____________.

25. Check Your Answers! • Everyone owed loyalty to the king. • Nobles were really the most powerful. They got land from the king. • Knights gave military service in return for land. • Serfs were bound to the land. They worked and farmed in return for protection.

26. Discussion • Think back to your basic needs, what are they, and how do you fulfill them today? • Now, imagine that you live at school and you cannot go outside of the school grounds because it is unsafe. How will you now fulfill your basic needs?

28. Manorialism: Key Understanding • Manor = a large piece of land in which the nobles, knights, and serfs all lived together • Manorialism = a self-sufficient economic system in which peasants, knights, and nobles must grow and produce any food or goods that they need • Self-sufficient – not needing things from others, able to provide everything on your own

29. Group Project • Get into groups of 4. • Each person in your group will be assigned a role: • King • Noble • Knight • Serf • On your own, answer the following questions for your role: • 1. Who is your lord and who is your vassal? What do owe them and what do they owe you? • 2. What is your role/job on the manor?

30. Now, as a group, get a piece of butcher paper and put all your information on it. • Then, as a group, write a 1-2 sentence summary to answer the following question: - Why were feudalism and manorialism necessary during the Middle Ages? (think back to how the fall of the Roman Empire affected Europe)